The Declaration Of The United States - 990 Words

complete 16. The UN passed the Resolution 2065 which notified members of the organization to end any form of colonialism 16. However after constant negotiations, nothing was ever done. If anything, only confrontations began to surface. On March 26th, General Galtieri of Argentina made the decision to invade the Falklands 4. On April 2nd, Argentina invaded the islands breaking off all relations with Britain. First, Argentine troops occupied the islands capital, Stanley, and imprisoned the islanders for weeks until the arrival of the British troops4. With these attacks happening, Britain’s allies came in hand and showed support by announcing opposition towards Argentina. On April 10th, the European Economic Community approved trade sanctions against Argentina. Britain received support from America when President Ronald Reagan abandoned the shuttle diplomacy that was once proposed between Britain and Argentina 4. After several actions of resistance, the Argentines were defeated b y the British and surrendered on June 14th 1982. As a result of the war, nearly 1,000 lives were lost 4. US vs. Latin America After the war, the main priority for Britain was the reconstruction where it turned out to be quicker than expected. As we saw the history of the dispute, US interests were in favor of Britain when both Presidents Andrew Jackson and Ronald Reagan declared Argentina’s actions as unlawful. However according to the public, it seems that the Obama Administration have changedShow MoreRelatedThe Declaration Of The United States Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagesadopted the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. Thomas Jefferson drafted the declaration, with a preamble by John Adams and editing by Benjamin Franklin and other members of Congress, it outlines the offenses of King George III to justify the vote for independence that had taken place two days earlier. The Declaration closed the door on reconciliation with Great Britain, with the colonies already one year into war. The declaration paved the way for the creation of the United States of AmericaRead MoreDeclaration Of The United States1530 Words   |  7 PagesDeclaration of War It is very well known within the American public that Congress is the only one who has the power to declare war. Interestingly enough, ever since World War II congress has yet to formally declare war on anyone. For this reason, it is fair to say that the power to declare war has shifted away from congress and towards the President as congress merely agrees to seek resolutions involving military efforts but, again, without actually formally declaring war (Official DeclarationsRead MoreThe Declaration Of The United States1150 Words   |  5 Pages 1852 the South Carolina State, justified its intentions to secede from the United States due to the increased violations of the Constitution by the Federal Government as well as its limitation on the reservation rights within the States. In 1860 after Abraham Lincoln election the South thought that the government was becoming too powerful, which led South Carolina to secede as the first state from the United States Union. However, remaining as part of the United States would be the best resolutionRead MoreThe Declaration Of The United States Essay1831 Words   |  8 PagesToday, it is safe to say that many of United Sates citizens are unsure about the future of our country. In Our Declaration, Danielle Allen claims that the future of our country is secured by citizens who play their part in the system. She writes, â€Å"Politics is an activity where people, thanks to their wakefulness, can organize themselves and set up institutions so that they can all collectively protect themselves without having to fight with each other† (Allen 176). She has confidence that citizensRead MoreThe Declaration Of The United States1346 Words   |  6 Pageseventually resulted in a Revolutionary War between England and the Colonies; The Thirteen Colonies won the war. It was the Treaty of Paris (1783) that finally ended all ties with Britain; America would claim its identity as its own. The Declaration of Independence (1776), written by only educated white men – Thomas Jefferson (Southern Colony), Benjamin Franklin (Middle Colony), and John Adams (Northern Colony) - established the basic rights that citizens were entitled to in a free countryRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence And The United States895 Words   |  4 Pageswere originally drafted. The U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and Thomas Jefferson’s Letter to the Danbury Baptist Church are three documents that are still hold relevance in today’s societal discussions. These three documents hold truths, principals and ideologies that were and are crucial to the continuation and the development of the United States. The very ideas and tribulations that led to the development of the United States are expressed loudly in these three documents. WhileRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence By The United States1106 Words   |  5 PagesThe setting of the Declarat ion of Independence was the United States. It was declared on July 4, 1776. After the Boston tea party rebellion the United states wanted their independence. One will describe why the declaration of independence was written. What lead to the cause for writing such a document. The leaders who wrote the declaration. And what the colony was going through for it to lead to the circumstances. One will look at how England was treating the colonies that made them want to be theirRead MoreThe United States Of The Declaration Of Independance1483 Words   |  6 Pages Calvin Coolidge spoke on July 5th 1926 in Philadelphia to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the signing of our Declaration of Independance. Coolidge’s assertion was that over the 150 years we had remained true to the ideals in the Declaration. The basis of the document being all men were equal with unalienable rights is the backbone for our country and we had maintained it as our backbone. It may have been a bit of a r ough road on the way but it had been done. He not only claimed we had remainedRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence And The United States897 Words   |  4 Pages The Declaration of Independence stated the United States should be established as a country, free from British control, the U.S. Constitution is a set of rules for that nation to follow, and Mark Twain’s As Regards Patriotism examines how these two documents affect the mindset of this country. Groupthink, not a word use in 1900, when Twain penned his essay, but it is a good analogy of what he was discussing. Psychology Today says, â€Å"Groupthink occurs when a group values harmony and coherenceRead MoreThe United States Of The Declaration Of Independence1404 Words   |  6 PagesOn July 4th, 1776 the American Colonists ratified The Declaration of Independence. This Declaration severed their final ties to England and idealized the formation of an equal society, independent of a corrupted centralized gov ernment like that of Britain. In order to accomplish this perfect nation, the Americans followed the Declaration with the creation of The Articles of Confederation. The Confederation s purpose was to guide the young republic to a decentralized government that upheld the

Sociology and Psychology - 823 Words

Sociology and psychology is the study of the mind and the environment around us which makes us who we are. These theories assist us to understand behaviour from individual and societal levels. Sociology is a study of society social life, social change, and social causes and consequences of human behaviour and allows us to gain an understanding of the structure and dynamics of today’s society, looking at the interlinking links patterns of human behaviour. Sociology looks at the in which social structure and institutions affect our everyday life. Sociological imagination was founded by C. Wright mills in the 1950`s it is an overall understanding of that some of the things that happen in society may lead to a particular outcome. Mills said†¦show more content†¦Both the patients and the nurses have varying expectations of what the patient’s hospital role will be. In relation to nursing practice is that when you are providing care to a patient, you also have to have an understanding of their psychological behaviour. You need to look at the patient as a whole and you need to be aware of what behaviour’s our culture today believes is OK for a person who is to display when they are unwell that dont necessarily have anything to do with the actual symptoms of their medical condition. Psychology is the study of the science of the mind and the resulting behaviour. Looking to understand and explain to an extent how we think, act and feel. There are many branches of psychology looking at treatments of mental health issues, studying a variety of issues that may impact our health and daily life’s. The humanistic approach looks at the client’s thoughts, feelings and behaviours that they are experiencing just now and in the past. An important part in this perspective is the importance of the â€Å"self† this looks at who we think we are. The person centre approach was developed primarily by Carl Rogers he worked on the belief that if everyone was giving the correct environment as such that we can all grow. The two most influential figures in this approach is Abraham Maslow andShow MoreRelatedPsychology And Sociology And Psychology1612 Words   |  7 PagesWhen we think of society or people, and their behavior, psychology and sociology come to our mind. This is because they are academic fields that posses the same main idea, which is the study of the behavior. Although these two sciences have enormous differences, for those whom never had read anything about this topics it would seem the same. Despite bearing some superficial similarities, the differences between sociology and psychology are pronounced. Actually the main contrast between them isRead MoreSocial Psychology And Sociology And Psychology1450 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Psychology is a broad field that incorporates aspects of both the sciences of Sociology and Psychology. This field of study is designed to help answer the question as to why people display certain behaviors due to their interaction with others. This field of study is very interesting due to its practicality, in regards to real-life demonstration, usage, and observation. In my life, I have held several jobs that have been heavily influenced by the dynamics of those who were around me. One jobRead MoreSocial Psychology : Sociology And Psychology3827 Words   |  16 Pages2. Social Psychology draws from many different disciplines. These include anthropology, biology, neurology, philosophy, sociology, and psychology. The two main disciplines that have influenced social psychology are sociology and psychology. According to the textbook, â€Å"sociology is the scientific study of human society,† (6). This encompasses all aspects of society such as its institutions (religion, government, school, families, etc.). Also, how society is stratified, or arranged, according to suchRead MorePsychology, Sociology, And Anthropology3327 Words   |  14 PagesThe general definition of psychology states that psychology is the study of human behavior, not the study of groups of humans (that is better coved by sociology and anthropology). Now, organizational psychology is the study of human behavior in an organizational context. There is one problem with that; an organization isn’t a single person, an organization is composed of multiple people. By definitio n organizational psychology is not actually psychology because it does not focus on the individualRead MorePersonal Statement : Psychology And Sociology1902 Words   |  8 PagesAs a junior in high school, I have recently become interested in psychology. While studying psychology/sociology this previous year, I have become drawn to the topic of human potential. After gathering what I have learned, it turns out most people want to live their life to the fullest by becoming all they can be. To reach this fulfillment of a higher/better self is known as self-actualization. A major problem for many people today is reaching their full potential, although the potential alreadyRead MoreElements of Psychology and Sociology in The Lord of the Flies1386 Words   |  6 PagesElements of Psychology and Sociology in The Lord of the Flies In viewing the aspects of the island society, the author William Goldings Lord of the Flies as a symbolic microcosm of society. He chooses to set the children alone in an unsupervised world, leaving them to learn ‘ the ways of the world’ in a natural setting first hand. Many different perspectives can also be considered. Goldings island of marooned youngsters becomes a microcosm. The island represents the individual human and theRead MoreImpact of Sociology and Psychology Factors on Leisure/Tourism Activity2296 Words   |  10 Pagesparts in sociological aspect which are time, socio-economic and gender. In psychology aspect, it will emphasise on motivation and satisfaction. Through the conveyance of our study and research, the perspective held throughout this essay will agree with the statement that â€Å"All individuals have the opportunity to participate in these leisure experiences and can benefit from them if they make the effort†. Sociology Sociology is the study of the social lives of humans, groups, and societies, sometimesRead MoreAnalysis Of Emile Durkheim s Theories On Sociology And Psychology1114 Words   |  5 Pagesthey take depending on the groups they studied. Durkheim, a French sociologist, who is one of the founders of sociology, claimed that meaningful human practices can be understood in sociological, biological and psychological terms. Though, He puts a clear understanding as to how sociological approach to studying human practices is a scientific discipline unique from biology and psychology in its own way. Durkheim explains his idea of sociological approach as it’s own science in this methodology heRead MoreWhy Philosophy, Sociology, and Psychology of Education Play an Important role in the Development of Youngs Abilities, Knowledge, and Personality632 Words   |  2 Pagesroles such as philosophy, sociology, and psychology of education. The philosophy of education studies the aims, forms, methods, and results of acquiring knowledge. Beside these, philosophy of education applies to the process and a field of study. The sociology of education is the study of educational structures, processes, and practices from a sociologica l perspective. It has illustrated the conception of enter-relation between education and society. Hence, Educational psychology in turn notifies of specialtyRead MoreSociology: The Study of Humanity Essay1480 Words   |  6 PagesHowever new you are to sociology it is probable that you have an idea, however vague and general, regarding what sociology is supposed to be about. It may be that you have an idea that sociology is about people. And you would be right to think so. We might start then by noting that sociology is one of the human sciences and as such it is a subject to be distinguished from the so-called physical sciences. Sociology is the study of humanity. However this description of sociology is only partially

Chapter 1 Business Ethics - 2294 Words

chapter 1 BUSINESS ETHICS, THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENT, AND STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT |TOPICS COVERED | 1.1 Business Ethics and the Changing Environment 1.2 WHAT IS BUSINESS ETHICS? WHY DOES IT MATTER? 1.3 LEVELS OF BUSINESS ETHICS 1.4 FIVE MYTHS ABOUT BUSINESS ETHICS 1.5 WHY USE ETHICAL REASONING IN BUSINESS? 1.6 CAN BUSINESS ETHICS BE TAUGHT AND TRAINED? 1.7 PLAN OF THE BOOK |lecture outline | 1.1 Business Ethics and the Changing Environment Businesses and governments†¦show more content†¦b. the most frequent types of misconduct observed are abusive or intimidating behavior (21%), misreporting hours worked (20%), lying (19%), and withholding needed information (18%). c. employees in organizations undergoing merger, acquisition, or restructuring observe misconduct and feel pressure at nearly double the rate of those in more stable organizations. d. younger managers with low tenure in their organizations are twice as likely to feel pressure to compromise ethics standards. e. nearly half of all non-management employees do not report misconduct they observe. f. younger employees with low tenure are among the least likely to report misconduct. g. less than 58% of employees who report misconduct are satisfied with their organization’s response. h. senior and middle managers have less fear of reporting misconduct, are more satisfied with the response of their organizations, and feel that honest and respect are practiced more frequently than do lower level employees. B. Unethical Business Practices by Industry 1. One survey showed that the most unethical behavior happens in the following areas, beginning with the industry that has the most instances of unethical behavior: a. government b. sales c. law d. media e. finance f. medicine g. banking h. manufacturing 2. EthicalShow MoreRelatedChapter 1—the Importance of Business Ethics Test Banks Essay2309 Words   |  10 Pages------------------------------------------------- Chapter 1—The Importance of Business Ethics MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Principles are a. | laws and regulations that guide behavior in the world of business. | b. | mores, values, and customs that guide behavior in general. | c. | specific and pervasive boundaries for behavior that are universal and absolute. | d. | the obligations businesses assume to maximize their positive impact and minimize their negative impact on stakeholders. | Read MoreChapter 1 Managerial Accounting, the Business Organization, and Professional Ethics7756 Words   |  32 PagesCHAPTER 1 COVERAGE OF LEARNING OBJECTIVES | |FUNDA- |CRITICAL THINKING | |CASES, EXCEL, | | |MENTAL |EXERCISES AND EXERCISES| |COLLAB., INTERNET | | |ASSIGN-MENT | | |EXERCISES | | Read MoreLWC1 Study Guide1467 Words   |  6 Pagesprepare for the exam. ETHICAL ISSUES IN BUSINESS: Chapters 1-4 For each of the chapters do the following: Look up the answers to the questions asked below. Answer the end of chapter question (there are only a few) and check your answers. Complete the interactive quizzes in the COS—make sure to write down the ones you miss so that you can focus on specific topics. Chapter 1: 1. How would you define â€Å"business ethics†? 2. How has â€Å"business ethics† developed over time? 3. What is involvedRead MoreThe Professional Codes Of Ethics805 Words   |  4 Pagesto â€Å"Chapter 1† in the professional codes of ethics section, there are different helping profession and each one has their guidelines of ethics to follow. It’s a good thing to want to help people and to work in the helping profession, but to help minimize the damage that could occur there are professional codes of ethics and laws put in place. Summary The focus of â€Å"Chapter 1† consisted of helping practitioners learn professional ethics which was pointed out on the first page of the chapter. ThisRead MoreInformation technology for managers1289 Words   |  6 PagesDan Seiter, Mary Pat Shaffer Editorial Assistant: Bryn Lathrop Marketing Manager: Bryant Chrzan Marketing Coordinator: Suellen Ruttkay For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Academic Resource Center, 1-800-354-9706 For permission to use material from this text or product, submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions Further permission questions can be emailed to permissionrequest@cengage.com Content Product Manager: Heather Furrow Read MoreInternational Business : The Challenges Of Globalization963 Words   |  4 Pagesan international business market. In International Business: The Challenges of Globalization, I interested in PART 5 Chapter 2 Cross-Cultural Business. In my pervious business ethic course I learned a chapter about foreign assignment which an employee works in a foreign country and have a cultural issue. And in that course I did a research paper about foreign culture so I think these chapter is familiar with that case. Here I will explain in detail why I interested in this chapter and why it is importantRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility and Single Strongest Argument1106 Words   |  5 Pagesfactors in the social environment that create an atmosphere in which business criticism takes place and prospers. dasdasdassadasdasdadadasdadsdadasdasdassssssssssssssssssssss- ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss- ssssssssssssssssssssssscourse? Or is it still a vital reality? 4. Give an example of each of the four levels of power discussed in this chapter. Also, give an example of each of the spheres of business power. 5. Explain in your own words the Iron Law of ResponsibilityRead MoreBusiness 115 Final Exam Study Guide Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pageseach essay question should answer the question completely and average 2 – 3 paragraphs in length. The exam reflects the following course objectives and possible topics: TCO 1 Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 13 and 15 Weeks 1, 2, 4 and 5 Given a description of a typical business, demonstrate how that business acts within our economic system to achieve its goals as well as those of society, along with an understanding of how the future may impact these goals. * Understand theRead MoreCase: 9 Enron928 Words   |  4 PagesCase 9: Enron; Questionable Accounting Leads to Collapse Bruce Smith Minnesota School of Business BS430 Business Ethics MR. Morris November 25, 2012 1. 2. 1. How did the corporate culture of Enron contribute to its bankruptcy? Effective leaders are good at getting followers to their common goals or objectives in the most effective and efficient way; unfortunately for Enron, in the end Ken Lay and Jeffery skilling were too focused on profits that nothing else mattered. In the

Bribery And Corruption

Question: Bribery and corruption in the public sector is endemic and unavidable in all societies? Answer: Introduction Bribery has always been considered as one of the oldest concept having a long past. Since recent times, it has highly been becoming an intense problem all across the globe. In reference with the concept of bribery, more often, there might be involvement of certain current governments or scandals of corruption in politics in the past. However, as there has been development and advancement in international trade, bribery has entered the parameters of international business as well (Basu, 2011). In addition to this, the concept of corruption seems to be involved in the private sector as well. In the private sector, corruption is known to be taking a number of different forms and bribery is one of these forms. Corruption results in distorting markets and have negative effect on the entire society. This essay will be discussing the issue of corruption and bribery within the public sector as being unavoidable and endemic in each and every society. Factors Initiating Bribery and Corruption There is a list of four forms of the corruption. The number one form is grease payments and bribery. Bribery is the one form of payments sought by the officials of public or in another way offered by the agents of private company in recovery for favours acting as the contract of the government. Payment of grease is the money given to the agents of public for do work that the agents of public are earlier paid for doing this, acting as publish a license (Basu, 2011). In the second form there is grand and petty corruption. Corruption of petty is the concussion of an agent of public with a public member for corrupt the system over small transactions that are related to each other. It accordingly in many cases involves the public agent of lower level. Corruption of grand is the sabotage of the system by the agents of government at senior level, heads of state and ministers. Bureaucratic corruption is the third form of the corruption. This the misconduct of responsibility by the agents for public to circumvent or bend regulations and rules in dealing for some benefits (Abbink, 2006). In occurs mainly in the areas where there are rewards of consideration and discretion of punishment under the control of an agent. Last but not the least is the corruption in the political departments. This is the dealings of authority and influence by the leaders of political party and may increase to the favours of granting, no regularities in the financing of campaign and fraud of electoral. There are five cImpact of Demandonditions that facilitate the corruption and they are listed below: Political factors Conditions of politics that encourage corruption include weal civil liberties, in a particular form the level of freedom of press, the strength of every citizens to design the organizations of civil society, and the level of competition of political structure. Accountability and lack of transparency also include by them on the part of agents of government especially where the state have been captured by the ruling elite (Abbink, 2004). Bureaucratic factors Bureaucratic factors include the extension of the bureaucracy of the state with increase of attendant in the powers of discretionary for the bureaucrats. Bureaucracy growth allows select every individuals to earn direct approach to resources of state and to enjoy the privileges of consideration associated with the office of administrative. Legal factors The quality of a legal system of country, in a particular form the circumstance of being punished and caught meaningfully, resolve the corruption level (Abbink, 2012). This is turn related to the presence of effective laws of anti-corruption, an independent judiciary and an effective police. Economic factors Economic development level affect the sectors and forms where corruption is very common. Corruption of petty is mainly common in countries that are developing while in the countries that are developed, when the incomes goes higher it means that the corruption influence to be of a large scale (Abbink, 2006). Transnational factors Even with achieving independence, most of the countries in development suffer from new colonialism of the corruption so they deal with corruption of systemic introduced during their occupation or colonization (Apesteguia, 2007). Many of the big companies have thus given bribes to win business in the countries of third world. Impact of Demand-Side and Supply-Side Corruption Journalists, academics, businessmen, and politicians have been displaying an unusual unanimity when these contribute in condemning corruption as the probability of the most particular obstacles to the continuous growth in the economy across the globe. In the current era of globalization, the organizations of business along with their representative on frequent basis have been encountering the acts of corruption and can be considered as the simple participants, victims or perpetrators in these acts or actions (Barr, 2009). While there has been existence of international corruption in a number of different forms for a number of years, many international organizations, nations, organizations and individuals have currently been making attempts for the reduction or elimination of corrupt activities as these have harmful impact over the quality of life being maintained by the citizens and the economies at local level. A number of these types of efforts have resulted in being guided towards the supply- side of corrupt acts that is, the one making the payments of corruption. A transaction of corruption, in the typical sense involves the side of supply, that is the one paying the bribe, and the side of demand, that is the one receiving the bribe. Recent efforts of anti- corruption contribute in primarily addressing the side of supply (Basu, 2011). However, there is huge concern towards a particular focus being created on the side of supply regarding the international corruption cannot be considered as being effective in detecting and preventing the network and links of corruption. EffectivenessIn deterring bribery and corruption Irrespective of the stringent policies of the corporate world, managers have been showing temptation for doing whatever they consider important for closing a specific deal and then finding a way across in order to get caught. For a number of corporations, corruption and bribery are ranked amongst the highest significant risks and it has been found that there has been an increase in the prominence of these risks as well (Brenner, 2009). Even though in the virtual sense, not even a single business is free from risks related with bribery and other payments that are corrupt, the risk is specifically high and significant for the multinational organization and those in certain industries such as extraction of resource, retail and construction. In majority of the cases of bribery, it has been found that there are more chances of small payments being made by ordinary people to the officials, such as an amount being provided to the policemen for expunging an infraction at minor level. While the condoning of these activities is difficult, these particular practices have been identified as basic element of economy in a number of different regions or areas (Buccirossi, 2006). From the perspective of corporate worlds, there are less chances of representing a significant level of concern or risk. Looking for solution and dealing with the issue of the economy is not an easy task. Paying and receiving bribes, along with other diff erent types of facilitation benefits and fees, are a well- development element of business culture as well as the culture of government in a number of different parts across the globe. And irrespective of increasing the rules, legislations, and their enforcement, the extent to which payments of corruption and bribery have not been declining. In majority of the organizations across different nations and economies, this problem has been seen to be increasing with the passage of time, rather than being reduced. Irrespective of implementing the highly stringent policies of corporate bodies, being tempted towards this activity is important for the closure of a specific deal and hence, finding a way across to get caught is always there (Gorodnichenko, 2007). In the most preferable manner, the risks that arise out of payments of corruption and bribery are not dealt with solely and in isolation but as a significant element of a complete process for identifying, monitoring and managing the number of different risks in the faces of corporation. Conclusion The concept of corruption seems to be involved in the private sector as well. In the private sector, corruption is known to be taking a number of different forms and bribery is one of these forms. Corruption results in distorting markets and have negative effect on the entire society. While there has been existence of international corruption in a number of different forms for a number of years, many international organizations, nations, organizations and individuals have currently been making attempts for the reduction or elimination of corrupt activities as these have harmful impact over the quality of life being maintained by the citizens and the economies at local level (Lambsdorff, 2007). From the perspective of corporate worlds, there are less chances of representing a significant level of concern or risk. Bribery is the one form of payments sought by the officials of public or in another way offered by the agents of the private company. References Abbink, K. (2004). Staff rotation as an anti-corruption policy: an experimental study. European Journal of Political Economy, 20(4), pp. 887906. Abbink, K. (2012). Letting the Briber Go Free: An Experiment on Mitigating Harassment Bribes, Working Paper. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2166221. Abbink, K., (2006). Neutral versus loaded instructions in a bribery experiment. Experimental Economics, 9(2), pp. 103121. Apesteguia, J. (2007). Blowing the Whistle. Economic Theory, 31(1), pp. 143166. Barr, A. (2009). The effects of externalities and framing on bribery in a petty corruption experiment. Experimental Economics, 12(4), pp. 488503. Basu, K. (2011). Why, for a Class of Bribes, the Act of Giving a Bribe should be Treated as Legal, Ministry of Finance, Government of India. Brenner, S. (2009). An empirical study of the European corporate leniency program. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 27(6), pp. 639645. Buccirossi, P. (2006). Leniency policies and illegal transactions. Journal of Public Economics, 90(67), pp. 12811297. Gorodnichenko, Y. (2007). Public sector pay and corruption: Measuring bribery from micro data. Journal of Public Economics, 91(56), pp. 963991. Lambsdorff, J. G. (2007). Fighting Corruption with Asymmetric Penalties and Leniency, (No. 59). CEGE Discussion Paper.