Legalizing Marijuana in Canada Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Studies have documented that smoking marijuana has effects in regard to the contribution of most chronic illnesses. In situations where people become addicts, the issue of socioeconomic factors comes in. The process of rehabilitating such people becomes hectic. 3 Many families would not be in a position to have resources enough to take their affected family members to hospitals or rehabilitation centers. In another dimension, the same problem faces the government when it comes to maintaining rehabilitation centers for taking care of the affected individuals. This translates to use more resources and personnel to take care of the rising number of cases of marijuana. One of the bodies that have been vocal on the issue of the use of marijuana in Canada is The Center for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH). The body earlier this year introduced a new evidence-based report for marijuana policy framework with recommendations of strict regulations on controlling the harm associated with the use of marijuana. In the 1960s, the laws against marijuana were tough with where an offender found to possess small amounts of marijuana was to be sentenced to six months or a $1000 fine. We will write a custom essay sample on Legalizing Marijuana in Canada or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now However, in the recent past, pressure on the parliament to legalize marijuana has amounted with the House of Commons special committee on non-medical drugs releasing a report suggesting the reform of laws on marijuana possession and supply. Even as the issue of whether to legalize marijuana or not is debatable, legal access has been granted to people with HIV/AIDS and other individuals with serious illnesses. This has been under the Medical Marihuana Access Regulations. With these deliberations on the policies that have been stipulating on the control and use of marijuana in Canada, the focal point that has been echoed by different stakeholders articulates on the viability and applicability of legalizing the drug. Factors to be considered when deciding on whether to legalize it or not are depicted below.

Pricing Strategy Payless Shoesource Paying Less for Fashion

Case Study 3 Pricing Strategy Payless Shoesource: Paying less for fashion Table of Contents BACKGROUND†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 3 OBJECTIVE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 PROCEDURES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 CASE STUDY QUESTION: 1†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 CASE STUDY QUESTION: 2 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 CASE STUDY QUESTION: 3†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 6 CASE STUDY QUESTION: 4 †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 CONCLUSIONS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 BIBLIOGRAPHY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 8 BACKGROUND When we study on the Payless Shoesource case, we might†¦show more content†¦Firms are look for a prices that maximizes the profits on the total product mix. There are five product mix pricing strategies for the firms ---- Product line pricing, optional-product pricing, captive-product pricing, by-product pricing and product bundle pricing. In this case, Payless used product line pricing strategy. Company usually develop the product lines rather than the single products. A product line pricing strategy is a strategy in which the management sets the price steps between various products in a product line based on cost differences between the products, customer evaluation of different features and competitors prices. At the beginning, Payless had only limited lines of shoes which focusing on only low-priced shoes and then began to lose their customers. However, Matt Rubel, the CEO in Payless who come with extensive experience with high-end brands like Cole and J.Crew, raised up a brand new pricing strategy which adding more fashion and designing collectives into its brand porfolio, including Stride Rite chain and all its associated brands like Keds, Sperry Top-Sider and Saucony. That makes a hit. He changed the image of Payless, dusty dungeon of cheap footwear into the fun, and fashionable footwear. Therefore, Payless provides a competitive advantage that appeals to more customers again. Q2) How do concepts such as psychological pricing and reference pricing apply

Symbolism in the Pearl free essay sample

There was a lot of symbolism in chapter 6 of The Pearl, and most of it is very strong. When Coyotito died it symbolized sadness and anger. Kino was sad because it was his first and only child, and Coyotito was very important to him. He was also angry because he died because of the pearl. Coyotito’s death finally made Kino realize that the pearl was evil and it was destroying his life. He then knew that he had to throw it away to make the evil go away. Juana and Coyotito symbolize security to Kino, because they were always there for him. They went with him on the journey he took, and stayed with him through many roads and through mountains. Even when trackers were following them, they stayed with Kino instead of hiding. They were important to Kino because they gave him strength throughout the hardships the pearl brought. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolism in the Pearl or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They also made it harder for Kino to throw away the Pearl because he wanted them to have a better life. He thought the pearl would make them rich and Juana would have better clothes, and Coyotito would go to school. Kino’s knife symbolizes protection and security because it can protect him and his family. His knife is important to him because it is the only weapon that he has that can fight the trackers. The trackers symbolize evil because they are trying to catch Kino and his family. They try really hard, and chase Kino from home all the way to the mountains. The journey Kino takes to escape from trackers symbolizes his hope and his will for happiness. He is also greedy, but he is desperate for a better life and not to be poor. The pearl symbolizes hope, greed, and evil for Kino. Kino really hopes for a better life where he is not living in poverty. His hope drives him on, and it makes it hard for him to let it go, even if the pearl is evil. When he has the pearl he turns greedy, and he will do anything to have it so he can be rich. If he was not so greedy, and he got rid of the pearl earlier, his life would be better. Coyotito wouldn’t have died, and he might still have his house. The pearl symbolizes evil and ruined Kino’s life because he became too greedy and wouldn’t throw it back until it was too late and Coyotito died. When Kino finally threw the pearl back into the ocean, it symbolizes him giving up. It was like Kino giving up the evil and also all of all the hope he had for the pearl. But the pearl was evil and he realized he needed to throw it away. It cost too much for him, like his canoe, his house and finally his own child’s life. He realized he needed to get rid of the evil that the pearl contained. But when he threw it away, he was throwing away his only chance of getting wealthy and having a better life. But it was the best choice, and he chose to go back to how he used to live, which better than how he lived with the pearl anyway.

The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis Essay Example

The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis Paper The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals by Lee Cuing When you exist in this life, how many times you ask yourself: if this happens, what should I do? . I bet it is countless. There are so many authors use the what ifs sentences in their articles, and the short story The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals by Lee Cuing is the one. If its rain this morning, I dont go to school. This is an example of what ifs sentence which usually presents the reasons for something happened. In the story The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals, Lee Cuing uses a series of what Ifs to presents the reasons for what happened in Meals. For example, she states: If the child were brought up Into the sunlight out of that vile place, If It were done, In that day and hour all, the prosperity and beauty and delight of Meals would wither and be destroyed. , and also If the child could be released, It would not get much good of its freedom: a little vague pleasure of warmth and food, no doubt, but little more. One other reason that makes The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals becomes unusual is the way Lee Cuing creates a very short what ifs sentence. For example, she states: If you cant lick me, join me. If it hurts, repeat it. , or If so, please add an orgy. If an orgy would help, dont hesitate. . This makes a very powerful impressed to the readers. When I read the first paragraph, it seems like Lee Cuing draws a beautiful picture in my mind: Meals, bright-towered by the sea. The rigging of the boats In harbor sparkled with flags. In the streets between houses with red roofs and painted walls, between old moss-grown gardens and under avenues of Reese, past great parks and public bulging . I can Imagine Meals look Like a village which Is full of (Lee 2) peace in a fairy tales, where princes and princesses came from. Ive never seen a picture like that in any essay. A normal essay usually is the form which authors use to show personal points of their view. But when I finish reading The Ones Who Walk Away From Meals, I dont see any Lee Guns opinions about why people decide to leave Meals. We will write a custom essay sample on The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Ones Who Walk Away Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She only tells how the child is confined, how people believe in the story about the confining child, ND how people feel after they see the child, but they cant help. I have to find the reasons that make people leaving Meals myself, and not sure if others have the same thought with me. This is a little success of Lee Gull to make the reader think about her story again and again after closing the book. By the way telling the tragedy about a confining child In Meals, Lee Gull uses her Imagination to create a story contains a metaphor for why do people avoid responsibility and walk away without doing anything to help the suffering. She breaks all ten rules to write an essay. Real evidences, real examples, Ana real Images are required in a success essay, which gives a clear answer for every topic the authors want to talk about. Open by the Joyous and cheerful scene of the Summer Festival, and end with the image of people silently leave Meals. Two opposite pictures in one short story. Lee Cuing doesnt tell why people walk away from Meals, where they go, and what next. By the open-ending, the readers can draw their own conclusion, this is a big different from a normal essay.

Samuel Sewall and William Byrd II essays

Samuel Sewall and William Byrd II essays The most important period or time of life for Samuel Sewall and William Byrd II is during the age forty to fifty for each mans life. It is at this time that each man makes his largest influential mark in history. For Sewall the time period from which I will taking most of my information is 1692, it is at this time that Sewall becomes a judge and takes part in the Salem witch trials. For Byrd I will be using information from 1714, it is at this time that Byrd is fighting with England and trying to become a governor. The themes of which I will be writing are comparing and contrasting the activities of each man, what each did as an occupation and the major contributions of each man to society. Samuel Sewall was born at Bishop Stoke in Hampshire, England on March 28, 1652. In 1661, Sewall came with his family to settle in Newbury, Massachusetts. At the age of 15 he was excepted into Harvard. Sewall married Hannah Hull, the daughter of one of the wealthiest men in the colony in 1676 and began a career as a merchant. In 1681 Sewall was appointed by the General Council to run a Boston printing press. Sewall used his position to publish articles of his own and achieve greater notoriety. From 1691 to 1725 Sewall served on the Governor's Council. Governor Phips appointed Sewall to the Court of Oyer and Terminer on May 27, 1692. Sewell's diary provides important information about the Salem witch trials. It is these trials for which Sewall is most famously known.# The diary entries reveal little personal reservations or remorse concerning his own role in the conduct of the trials. In December 1696, however, Sewall wrote a proclamation for a day of fast and penance and reparation by the government for the sins of the witchcraft trials. Sewall publicly apologized for his role in the trials. Each year after 1697 Sewall set aside a day in which he fasted and prayed for forgiveness for his sins in the Salem trials. Though his role in the Salem...

200 Homonyms, Homophones, and Homographs

200 Homonyms, Homophones, and Homographs Homonyms are two or more words that have the same sound or  spelling  but differ in  meaning. Homophones- which means same sounds in Latin- are two or more words, such as  knew  and  new  or  meat  and  meet, that are  pronounced  the same but differ in  meaning, origin, and often  spelling. Homographs, meanwhile, are words that have the same  spelling  but differ in origin, meaning, and sometimes  pronunciation, such as the verb  bear  (to carry or endure) and the noun  bear  (the animal with a shaggy coat). Words that fall under any of these three categories often confuse readers and writers alike. But they need not perplex you: Understanding the meaning of these three grammatical terms and, especially, being able to recognize them can help clear up any confusion. A list of some of the most common  homonyms, homophones,  and  homographs can help any writer use these words correctly and any reader or listener recognize them when they occur. Homonyms, Homophones, and  Homographs   Here is a listing of some the most common homonyms, homophones, and  homographs. The first column contains homonyms in alphabetical order, while the second and third columns list the corresponding homonym, homophone, or homograph as applicable. accept - take in except - other than ad - advertisement add - join, combine advice - guidance advise - recommend aid - assist, assistance aide - one who gives assistance ail - to suffer poor health ale - a beverage air - atmosphere ere - before heir - one who inherits property aisle - a passage I'll - contraction of I will isle - island allusion - an indirect reference illusion - false appearance altar - table in a church alter - to change ate - past tense of eat eight - the number 8 bail - to clear water bail - release of a prisoner bale - a large bundle band - a ring, something that binds band - a group banned - prohibited bare - uncovered bear - large animal bear - support, yield bases - starting points bases - four stations on a baseball field basis - a basic principle beat - to strike, overcome beat - exhausted beet - a plant with red roots blew - past tense of blow blue - the color bread - baked food item bred - produced buy - purchase by - near, through bye - goodbye capital - punishable by death capital - chief city capitol - building where legislature meets ceiling - top of a room sealing - setting, fastening cell - compartment sell - vend cent - penny coin scent - an odor sent - past tense of send cereal - breakfast food serial - sequential chews - gnaws with teeth choose - to select Chile- country in South America chili - bean stew chilly - frosty chord - musical tone cord - rope cite - quote site - location sight - view close - opposite of open clothes - clothing coarse - rough course - path, procedure complement – enhance; go together compliment - praise conduct - behavior conduct - to lead council - committee counsel - guidance creak - squeak creek - stream of water crews - gangs cruise - ride on a boat days - plural of day daze - stun dear - darling deer- woodland animal desert - to abandon desert - dry land dessert - after-dinner treat dew - morning mist do - operate due - payable die - cease to exist dye - color discreet - tactful discrete - distinct doe - female dear dough - uncooked bread dual - double duel - battle elicit - draw out illicit - illegal eminent - distinguished imminent - soon ewe - female sheep you - second-person personal pronoun eye - sight organ I - first-person personal pronoun facts - true things fax - a document transmitted via telephone fair - equal fare - price fairy - elflike creature with wings ferry - boat faze - impact phase - stage feat - achievement feet - plural of foot find - to discover fined - charged a penalty fir - type of tree fur - animal hair flea - small biting insect flee - run flew - did fly flu - illness flour - powdery, ground up grain flower - blooming plant for - on behalf of fore - front four - three plus one forth - onward fourth - number four foreword - introduction to a book forward - advancing gene - a chromosome jean - fabric; pants gorilla - big ape guerrilla - warrior grease - fat Greece - country in Europe groan - moan grown - form of grow hair - head covering hare - rabbit-like animal hall - passageway haul - tow halve - cut in two parts have - possess hay - animal food hey - interjection to get attention heal - mend heel - back of foot hear - to listen here - at this place hi - hello high - up far hoarse - croaky horse - riding animal hole - opening whole - entire holey - full of holes holy - divine wholly - entirely hoarse - rough voice horse - animal hour - sixty minutes our - belonging to us knead - massage need - desire knew - did know new - not old knight - feudal horseman night - evening knot - tied rope not - negative know - have knowledge no - opposite of yes lead - metal led - was the leader leased - past tense of lease least - the minimum lessen - make smaller lesson - class loan - lend lone - solitary made - did make maid - servant mail - postage male - opposite of female marry - to wed merry - very happy meat - animal protein meet - encounter mince - to chop finely mints - type of sweet morning - a.m. mourning - remember the dead none - not any nun - woman who takes special vows oar - boat paddle or - otherwise ore - mineral oh - expression of surprise or awe owe - be obligated one - single won - did win overdo - do too much overdue - past due date pail - bucket pale - not bright pain - hurt pane - window glass peace - calm piece - segment peak – highest point peek - glance patience - being willing to wait patients - person treated in a hospital or by a doctor pear - a type of fruit pair - two (usually matching) plain - ordinary plane - flight machine plane; flat surface pole - post poll - survey poor - not rich pour - make flow pray - implore God prey - quarry principal - most important principle - belief rain – water from sky rein - bridle rap - tap wrap - drape around read - past tense of the verb to read red - color real - factual reel - roll right - correct; not left write - scribble ring - encircle wring - squeeze road - street rode - past tense of ride role - function roll - rotate rose - flower rows - lines sail - move by wind power sale - bargain price scene - landscape seen - viewed sea - ocean segment see - observe with eyes seam - joining edge seem - appear sew - connect with thread so - as a result sow - plant soar - ascend sore - hurt place sole - single soul - essence son - male child sun - the star that lights the solar system some - a few sum - amount stair - step stare - to look at steadily steal - swipe steel - alloy suite - large room in a hotel sweet - the opposite of sour tail - animal’s appendage tale - story their - belonging to them there - at that place they’re - they are threw - past tense of throw through - passing from one place to another to - toward too - also two - the number 2 toe - foot appendage tow - pull along vary - differ very - wail - howl wail - howl whale - huge sea mammal waist - area below ribs waste - squander wait – kill time weight - measurable load war - battle wore - did wear warn - caution worn - used way - path weigh - measure mass we - us wee - tiny weak - not strong week - seven days wear - to don attire where - question word weather - climate whether - if which - that witch - sorcerer wood - material coming from trees would - conditional auxiliary your - belonging to you you’re - you are Practice Using Homonyms, Homophones, and Homographs Complete each of the following sentences by filling in the blank with the correct word. Youll find the answers at the end of the exercise. To heighten interest, all of the sentences are quotes from various authors writings in books and magazine articles published over the years. Feel free to use the previous table to help you if you get stumped. â€Å"He simply sat down on the ledge and forgot everything _____ [accept or  except]  the marvelous mystery.†- Lawrence Sargent HallI live in the Oakland Hills in a tiny house on a street so windy you can’t drive more than ten miles per hour. I rented it because the _____ [ad or add]  said this: Small house in the trees with a garden and a fireplace. Dogs welcome, of course.- Pam HoustonFrancis wondered what _____  [advice or  advise]  a psychiatrist would have for him.- John CheeverThe _____ [aid or aide] gets out of the way, picking her skirt out of the rubble of children at her feet.- Rosellen BrownHe seemed to want to  recapture the cosseted feeling  hed had when hed been sick as a child and she would serve him flat ginger _____  [ail or  ale], and toast soaked in cream, and play endless card games with him, using his blanket-covered legs as a table.- Alice Elliott DarkHe sat down and leaned forward, pulling  the chairs rear legs into the _____ [air,  ere, or heir]  so that the waitress could get by.- Stanley Elkins [T]he stewardess was moving down the _____ [aisle, Ill, or isle],  like a trained nurse taking  temperatures in a hospital ward, to see that they were all properly strapped in for the take-off.- Martha GellhornMrs. Parmenter laughed at his _____ [allusion or illusion]  to their summer at Mrs. Sterretts, in Rome, and gave him her coat to hold.- Willa CatherIn the long years between, she had  fashioned many fine dresses- gowned gay girls for their conquests and robed fair brides for the _____ [altar or alter].- Mary LernerOn a Saturday morning soon after he came to live with her, he  turned over her garbage while she  was at the grocery store and _____ [ate or eight]  rancid bacon drippings out of a small Crisco can.- Pam DurbanThe barn was bigger than a church,  and  the falls fresh hay _____ [bails or  bales]  were stacked to the roof in the side mows.- John UpdikeHer  two spare dresses were gone, her comb was gone, her checkered coat was gone, and so was the mauve hair-_____ [band or banned] with a mauve bow that had been her hat.- Vladimir Nabokov Without the shelter of those  trees, there is a great exposure- back yards, clotheslines, woodpiles, patchy sheds and barns and privies- all _____ [bare or bear], exposed, provisional looking.- Alice MunroThis was the time when outfields were larger than they are today and well-hit balls would roll for a long time,  giving  runners ample time  to round the _____ [bases or basis]  for a home  run.- Deidre Silva and Jackie KoneyThe conductor had his  knotted signal cord to pull, and the motorman _____ [beat or beet] the foot gong with his mad heel.- Saul BellowNancy held the cup to her mouth and _____ [blew or blue] into the cup.- William FaulknerA pigeon landed nearby.  It  hopped on its little red feet  and pecked into something that might have been a dirty piece of stale _____ [bread or bred] or dried mud.- Isaac Bashevis SingerHe was wearing a new  hat of a pretty biscuit shade, for it never occurred to him to _____ [buy, by, or bye] anything of a practic al color; he had put it on for the first time and the rain was spoiling it.- Katherine Anne Porter Answers to the Exercise 1. except  2. ad  3. advice  4.  aide  5. ale  6. air  7. aisle  8. allusion  9. altar  10. ate  11. bales  12. band  13. bare  14. bases  15. beat  16. blew  Ã‚  17. bread  18. buy Sources Hall, Lawrence Sargent. The Ledge. The Hudson Review, 1960.Houston, Pam. Waltzing the Cat. Washington Square Press, 1999, New York.Cheever, John. The Country Husband. The New Yorker, 1955.Brown, Rosellen. How to Win. The Massachusetts Review, 1975.Dark, Alice Elliott. In the Gloaming. The New Yorker. 1994.Elkins, Stanley. Criers and Kibitzers, Kibitzers and Criers. Perspective, 1962.Gellhorn, Martha. Miami-New York. The Atlantic Monthly, 1948.Cather, Willa. Double Birthday.  Uncle Valentine and Other Stories. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Neb., 1986.Lerner, Mary. Little Selves. The Atlantic Monthly, 1915.Durban, Pam. Soon. The Southern Review, 1997.Updike,  John. My Fathers Tears and Other Stories. Knopf, 2009, New York.Nabokov, Vladimir That in Aleppo Once... The Atlantic Monthly, 1944.Munro, Alice. Meneseteung. The New Yorker, 1989.Silva, Deidre, and Koney, Jackie. It Takes More Than Balls: The Savvy Girls Guide to Understanding and Enjoying Baseball. Skyhorse, 2008, N ew York. Bellow, Saul. A Silver Dish. The New Yorker, 1979.Faulkner, William. That Evening Sun Go Down. The American Mercury, 1931.Singer, Isaac Bashevis. The Key.  A Friend of Kafka. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1979, New York.Katherine Anne Porter, Theft. The Gyroscope, 1930.

Starwood Hotels to India Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Starwood Hotels to India - Case Study Example This paper will evaluate the environmental and competitive aspects of the Indian market that aloft will be exposed to once it begin its operation. The paper will also evaluate sound corporate and global strategies that aloft can adopt to improve its performance in the market to make a significant impact. Changes have occurred in the Indian business market since the reforms initiated in the 90s and the pro-market reforms that changed the perception of the Indian market towards foreign entities. The current growth pace of the Indian market presents a number of opportunities to local and foreign investors. With a world gross domestic product of the country expected to rise by over 5%, the country’s business environment has a strong ability to sustain new business entries (Thadani & Mobar, 2013). With the United States’ world gross domestic product expected to decline, India has the opportunity to rise into the third pole behind china and the United States. This environment presents a massive opportunity for aloft under Starwood hotels and resort to tap on the emerging growth in the sector. Increase in foreign investment in the country will increase the demand for hotels and resorts in the country and this presents a massive opportunity for aloft and Starwood hotels and resort (Tisdell, 2013). Starwood hotels and resort has faced massive competition from domestic entities in the country that will present massive competitive challenge to aloft should it enter the market. Companies like Indian hotels, the Leela ventures, Kamat hotels and the royal orchid have operated in the country for over a decade. These companies have chains of hotels and resorts in the major cities on India and have massive customer base among the local and foreign revelers. This is due to its massive investments, currently standing at $284 million after the pro-market reforms, which

Hackers slang Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hackers slang - Essay Example The existence of slang dictionaries, of course, cancels the effectiveness of certain words. Abbreviation. Hackers denote a word by only several of its component letters. For example: "RTFM" - "read the following manual", "IMHO" - "in my humble opinion", "BTW" - "by the way" or "LOL" - "lay of laugh". Verb doubling. Hackers double verbs as a concise, sometimes sarcastic comment on what the implied subject does. Also, a doubled verb is often used to terminate a conversation, in the process remarking on the current state of affairs or what the speaker intends to do next. Typical examples involve win, lose, hack, flame, barf, and chomp, i.e. "The disk heads just crashed." "Lose, lose." Sound-alike slang. Hackers will often make rhymes or puns in order to convert an ordinary word or phrase into something more interesting, i.e. "Plug&Play" is transformed to "Plug&Pray", "Government Property - Do Not Duplicate" to "Government Duplicity - Do Not Propagate" or "Macintosh" to "Macintrash". Overgeneralization. Many hackers love to take various words and add the wrong endings to them to make nouns and verbs, often by extending a standard rule to non-uniform cases (or vice versa). For example: "win" extends to "winnitude", "winnage", "disgust" to "disgustitude", "hack" to "hackification". "Marketdroid" is a member of a company's marketing department, especially one who promises users that the next version of a product will have features that are not actually scheduled for inclusion, are extremely difficult to implement. "Careware" is a variety of shareware for which either the author suggests that some payment be made to a nominated charity or a levy directed to charity is included on top of the distribution charge. Spoken inarticulations. Words such as "mumble", "sigh", and "groan" are spoken in places where their referent might more naturally be used. It derives from the impossibility of representing such noises in a chat or by e-mail. Anthropomorphization. Hackers often anthropomorphize hardware and software, for example, it's possible to say, "the protocol handler got confused" or "the program is died". () Comparatives. Many words in hacker slang have to be understood as members of sets of comparatives. This is especially true of the adjectives and nouns used to describe the beauty and functional quality of code. Here is an approximately correct spectrum: "monstrosity brain-damage screw bug lose misfeature" or "crock kluge hack win feature elegance perfection". (Levi, 1984, pp.56-78) Numerization. Hackers often include soundalike numbers in place of words or parts of words, for example "4 you", "2 do". (Kelly-Bootle, 1995, pp.36-101) Terms of computer hackers' dialect are often particular to their subculture. Raymond (1996) writes, "The hacker culture' is actually a loosely networked collection of subcultures that is nevertheless conscious of some important shared experiences, shared roots, and shared values. It has its own myths, heroes, villains, folk epics, in-jokes, taboos, and dreams. Because hackers as a group are particularly creative people who define themselves partly by rejection of normal' values and working habits, it has unusually rich and conscious traditions for an intentional culture less than 40 years

Journalism and Andrew Sullivan Essay Example for Free

Journalism and Andrew Sullivan Essay Many people believe that in today’s society, a vast majority of the population is being consumed by technology. Andrew Sullivan, author of â€Å"Ipod World: The End of Society†, states that people of today are isolating themselves from the surrounding world, witting out socialization and ultimately dancing to their own beat. In his essay, Andrew Sullivan discusses both the positive and the negative aspects of owning an Ipod in today’s society. Andrew Sullivan was brought in to this world in South Godstone, Surrey, England in 1963. He attended different colleges obtaining his B.A, Master’s, and Ph.D. in history and Government. Andrew started a wonderful career as a Journalist writing for New Republic. Later on he was accepted to write for New York Times Magazine. A gay, Catholic, conservative, and often controversial commentator, Sullivan made history as a blogger. After roughly 5 years he decided to take a break from journalism. Sullivan started writing several books from 1995 to 2006. There are some positive facts about the Ipod. First, the device can hold plenty of music and videos. The Ipod can come in a variety of sizes, colors, and megabytes. The little device can be placed anywhere you can imagine because it’s small and slim. There are about 22 million people who now own the Ipod. Places you might find the Ipod in use vary from major airports, subways, sports games and jogging or walking down the street. Besides the positive outcomes there are some negative aspects. IPod’s can zone you out from the world causing you to be antisocial and distracted. Sometimes the device takes your attention away from what you’re doing and can cause injury to yourself or others. Lastly, boredom takes a huge toll on Ipod users. Once bored, it is easy to insert the earphones and entertainment is tap away. In conclusion, Andrew Sullivan’s Ipod World story helps you give thought to how technology is impacting our lives. Sullivan shares with you some facts around the use of the Ipod and the potential for isolation from society. Lastly, he reinforces the need to adapt the way we leverage technology and still retain the critical communication behaviors that support our society.

vacume cleaner :: essays research papers fc

The Vacuum Cleaner: A History That Sucks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ehren Gerhard Mrs. Anderson English IV March 28th, 2004  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In our past, we have always demonstrated an insatiable quest for cleanliness. For example, as early as 2300 BC twig brooms were being used to tidy up peoples cave dwellings. (Inventors) In the early 20th century, the United States was enveloped with the rise of the industrial revolution. Surprisingly, one close to home detail was yet to be improved: home sanitation. Later, a revolutionary idea to suck in dirt and dust was considered by British inventor, Hubert Cecile Booth. (Dream) This idea was the start of a cleaning revolution that influenced cleaning practices, controlled disease, and begun a sales industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the persistent affliction of household disease due to sanitation, a more effective cleaning solution was in order. Current cleaning devises were limited to nothing more than a mop and a carpet sweeper. The inventor of the carpet sweeper, Melville Bissell, Originally developed it to preserve his health by sweeping away the dust in his crockery shop. The inventor soon recognized the sweeper’s market potential. They secured tufts of hog bristles with string, dipped the tufts into hot pitch, inserted the tufts into brush rollers, and trimmed them with scissors. (Dream) In another case, American James Spangler suffered from asthma and hypothesized that airborne dust from his carpet sweeper was the aggravate. He invented the electric vacuum cleaner principle that is commonly used in households today. (Dream)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another prevalent dilemma of the time was the maintenance of large structures. At the time, there were many airborne diseases and illnesses that necessitated proper sanitation and disposal. During World War 1, Hubert Booth received an urgent request to vacuum clean the Crystal Palace where the 1st World Expo was held. This was because soldiers in the Crystal Palace kept dieing from an infectious disease that contaminated it. Booth's vacuum cleaning pump sucked in a tremendous amount of dust from the Crystal Palace. It was plagued with germs and thus he subdued the disease. Leaders of Germany, Russia, and France, who attended the Royal Coronation of Edward the Seventh, were all anxious to buy Booth's vacuum cleaning pump. (Inventors)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The response to these modern marveled cleaning machines was obviously enormous. And so became the patent field and sales market. Door to door cleaning became prevalent with such inventors as Hubert Booth and John Thurman. In St. Louis, John Thurman started a horse drawn door-to-door vacuum service similar to Booth's. vacume cleaner :: essays research papers fc The Vacuum Cleaner: A History That Sucks   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ehren Gerhard Mrs. Anderson English IV March 28th, 2004  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In our past, we have always demonstrated an insatiable quest for cleanliness. For example, as early as 2300 BC twig brooms were being used to tidy up peoples cave dwellings. (Inventors) In the early 20th century, the United States was enveloped with the rise of the industrial revolution. Surprisingly, one close to home detail was yet to be improved: home sanitation. Later, a revolutionary idea to suck in dirt and dust was considered by British inventor, Hubert Cecile Booth. (Dream) This idea was the start of a cleaning revolution that influenced cleaning practices, controlled disease, and begun a sales industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the persistent affliction of household disease due to sanitation, a more effective cleaning solution was in order. Current cleaning devises were limited to nothing more than a mop and a carpet sweeper. The inventor of the carpet sweeper, Melville Bissell, Originally developed it to preserve his health by sweeping away the dust in his crockery shop. The inventor soon recognized the sweeper’s market potential. They secured tufts of hog bristles with string, dipped the tufts into hot pitch, inserted the tufts into brush rollers, and trimmed them with scissors. (Dream) In another case, American James Spangler suffered from asthma and hypothesized that airborne dust from his carpet sweeper was the aggravate. He invented the electric vacuum cleaner principle that is commonly used in households today. (Dream)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another prevalent dilemma of the time was the maintenance of large structures. At the time, there were many airborne diseases and illnesses that necessitated proper sanitation and disposal. During World War 1, Hubert Booth received an urgent request to vacuum clean the Crystal Palace where the 1st World Expo was held. This was because soldiers in the Crystal Palace kept dieing from an infectious disease that contaminated it. Booth's vacuum cleaning pump sucked in a tremendous amount of dust from the Crystal Palace. It was plagued with germs and thus he subdued the disease. Leaders of Germany, Russia, and France, who attended the Royal Coronation of Edward the Seventh, were all anxious to buy Booth's vacuum cleaning pump. (Inventors)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The response to these modern marveled cleaning machines was obviously enormous. And so became the patent field and sales market. Door to door cleaning became prevalent with such inventors as Hubert Booth and John Thurman. In St. Louis, John Thurman started a horse drawn door-to-door vacuum service similar to Booth's.

Public transportation Essay

This essay will focus on some of advantages and disadvantages of public transportation. First of all, I’d like to talk about advantages of public transportation. Using public transportation can reduce the number of people who drive their own car. It can ease traffic jam and improve road condition. We can also reduce air pollution by using public transportation. Public transportation can accommodate a lot of people and send them various destinations. It leads to the reduction of harmful emission gasses such as carbon dioxide. On the other hand, we have some disadvantages associated with public transportation. Using an automobile is more accessible than public transportation when we live in countryside. In most cases, there are few busses, trains and taxes in there. It’s very inconvenient for local people. If they have their own cars, they can drive anytime and anywhere. What’s more, it’s tough for elderly people to use public transportation. They have to go up and down the stairs when they use public transportation. There are many stations which don’t have elevators or escalators in Japan. In my opinion, I can’t live without public train because I can get to the office in time. At any rate, public transportation is essential for our daily life.

Pregnancy and Briefly Informs Jessica Essay

Jessica is a 30-year-old immigrant from Mexico City. She and her husband Marco have been in the U.S. for the last 3 years and have finally earned enough money to move out of their Aunt Maria’s home and into an apartment of their own. They are both hard workers. Jessica works 50 hours a week at a local restaurant, and Marco has been contracting side jobs in construction. Six months before their move to an apartment, Jessica finds out she is pregnant. Four months later, Jessica and Marco arrive at the county hospital, a large, public, nonteaching hospital. A preliminary ultrasound indicates a possible abnormality with the fetus. Further scans are conducted and it is determined that the fetus has a rare condition in which it has not developed any arms, and will not likely develop them. There is also a 25% chance that the fetus may have Down syndrome. Dr. Wilson, the primary attending physician is seeing Jessica for the first time, since she and Marco did not receive earlier prenatal care over concerns about finances. Marco insists that Dr. Wilson refrain from telling Jessica the scan results, assuring him that he will tell his wife himself when she is emotionally ready for the news. While Marco and Dr. Wilson are talking in another room, Aunt Maria walks into the room with a distressed look on her face. She can tell that something is wrong and inquires of Dr. Wilson. After hearing of the diagnosis, she walks out of the room wailing loudly and praying out loud. Marco and Dr. Wilson continue their discussion, and Dr. Wilson insists that he has an obligation to Jessica as his patient and that she has a right to know the diagnosis of the fetus. He furthermore is intent on discussing all relevant factors and options regarding the next step, including abortion. Marco insists on taking some time to think of how to break the news to Jessica, but Dr. Wilson, frustrated with the direction of the conversation, informs the husband that such a choice is not his to make. Dr. Wilson proceeds back across the hall, where he walks in on Aunt Maria awkwardly praying with Jessica and phoning the priest. At that point, Dr. Wilson gently but briefly informs Jessica of the diagnosis, and lays out the option for abortion as a responsible medical alternative, given the quality of life such a child would have. Jessica looks at him and struggles to hold back her tears.

Internal Business Process Perspective

Internal Business Process Perspective Introduction Duke Children’s hospital recognized the large amount of data that needed to be linked. This was done so that a true picture of the organizational performance could be accurately depicted. Secondly, key stakeholders were furnished with the relevant information so that they could make informed decisions and enhance their knowledge base.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Internal Business Process Perspective specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The risks associated with delivery of information were identified and taken into consideration when making the delivery so that there were no incidences of finger-pointing. Using this approach, each group had to focus on their performance rather than being distracted with other departments. This ensures that each staff measures their individual efforts using the available information and makes an improvement in an intelligent manner. The integration of the clinical and business aspects of health care at the hospital led to a significant improvement in the perspectives of the balanced scorecard. This led to a reduction in business operating costs and an improvement in the hospital’s net margin. Previously the hospital focused on a strategy of reducing costs by cutting back on staffs and services. With the adoption of the scorecard approach, the hospital is undertaking strategic investments to ensure that overall long-term success on all perspectives is realized. Employees welcomed the new approach as shown by the 29 percent improvement in nursing units’ productivity from 1996 to 2000. In addition, the hospital reported an increase in the staff satisfaction, morbidity and the overall health of the organization. Analysis The hospital developed the integrated scorecard in 1996. The scorecard created a single platform for the hospital’s quality clinical results and business outcomes. The scorecard approach was balanced as it re focused all hospital disciplines around a single strategic program.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More All hospital disciplines were identified based on four categories of financial, consumer, learning and development and the internal business. The hospital put focused on the increasing its productivity through the provision of the appropriate tools to increase individual worker performance. The hospital linked its mission, strategy and key performance indicators as well as initiatives by various disciplines across the organization. Secondly, the linkages forming the scorecard were aligned to its budget. Each aspect of the scorecard was assigned to a specific discipline to ensure accountability and addressed the key performance indicators (KPI), staff satisfaction and compliance with regulations (Niven, n.d.). Aligning of the performance data was done to ensure that i t gave an operational picture and the perspective of the patient process in the children’s business. This was done so that operational performance of a unit is linked to the whole performance of the patient process in the hospital. There was a routine analysis of trends in volume, staff levels and cost per patient day. The patient perspective analysis that includes revenue and operating margin and volume were studied and results provided to physicians who input their views on improvement depending on the practice pattern. Once the scorecard was functional, it was leveraged with technology. Technological improvement automated the scorecard and enabled a huge chunk of data to be meaningfully used. The advancement in technology allows for faster and accurate analysis and evaluation, which moved the hospital from a crisis intervention to a strategic solution tactic. Automation ensured that all stakeholders in any discipline had access to the information at the same time wherever they were stationed (Meliones et al. 2001).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Internal Business Process Perspective specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion The operating environment of the hospital present newer challenges, and these are opportunities the hospital to improve on its scorecard. The business strategy change in the Duke University Children’s Hospital was a welcome reprieve for staff and patients as key stakeholders. A shift from the focus on staff cutbacks to reduce costs increased the commitment of staff to the organization. Moreover, the emphasis on individual’s performance as a contribution to the overall operational performance significantly increased employee quality of work as reflected in the positive responses from patients during the evaluation period. Evaluation Duke University Hospital has performed a tremendous work of designing and operationalizing its balanced scorecard vis ible through the positive results realized. The balanced scorecard developed and used by the hospital observes key quality management concepts. It is formulated as a continuous process, measures different elements in the operation perspective and patient perspective such that all stakeholders are able to review data important to their individual performance and recommend improvements. The balanced scorecard designed by the hospital employs the innovation and care aspects of quality. It covers the management of the product, which is quality care for patients, it covers the quality of service presented by nurses and seeks to expand the hospital’s operations by targeting and increase in the patients’ volume. As a result, the strategy has demonstrated that focus on quality ultimately leads to increased productivity and profitability for the organization. Moreover, the balanced scorecard has taken care of the community as it identifies staffs and patients as key stakeholder s of the hospital’s success. To be sustainable, the hospital included regular review of the scorecard as part of the framework and includes a regular investment on the improvement of each perspective of the scorecard (CQI, n.d.). References CQI (2008) What is quality? The Chartered Quality Institute. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Meliones, J. N., Ballard R., Liekweg R., and Burton W. (2001). No mission () no margin: Its that simple. Journal of Health Care Finance. 27(3): 21-30. Niven, P. (n.d.) Internal process perspective. EPM Review. Retrieved from epmreview.com/

Profile and Crimes of Teresa Lewis

Profile and Crimes of Teresa Lewis Teresa and Julian Lewis In April 2000, Teresa Bean, 33, met Julian Lewis at Dan River, Inc., where they were both employed. Julian was a widower with three adult children, Jason, Charles and Kathy. He lost his wife to a long and difficult illness in January of that year. Teresa Bean was a divorcee with a 16-year-old daughter named Christie. Two months after they met, Teresa moved in with Julian and they soon married. In December 2001, Julian’s son, Jason Lewis, was killed in an accident. Julian received over $200,000 from a life insurance policy, which he placed in an account that only he could access. A few months later he used the money to purchase five acres of land and a mobile home in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, where he and Teresa began to live. In August 2002, Julian’s son, C.J., an Army reservist, was to report for active duty with the National Guard. In anticipation of his deployment to Iraq, he purchased a life insurance policy in the amount of $250,000 and named his father as the primary beneficiary and Teresa Lewis as the secondary beneficiary. Shallenberger and Fuller In the summer of 2002, Teresa Lewis met Matthew Shallenberger, 22, and Rodney   Fuller, 19, while shopping at WalMart. Immediately after their meeting, Teresa began a sexual relationship with   Shallenberger. She began modeling lingerie for both men and was eventually having sexual intercourse with them both. Shallenberger wanted to be the head of an illegal drug distribution ring, but he needed money to get started. If that failed to work out for him, his next goal was to become a nationally recognized hitman for the Mafia. Fuller, on the other hand, did not talk much about any of his future goals. He seemed content following Shallenberger around. Teresa Lewis introduced her 16-year-old daughter to the men and, while parked at a parking lot, her daughter and Fuller had sexual intercourse in one car, while Lewis and Shallenberger had sexual intercourse in another vehicle. The Murder Plot In late September 2002, Teresa and Shallenberger devised a plan to kill Julian and then share the money that she would get from his estate.   The plan was to force Julian off the road, kill him, and make it look like a robbery. On October 23, 2002, Teresa gave the men $1,200 to purchase the necessary guns and ammunition to carry through their plan. However, before they could kill Julian, a third vehicle was driving too close to Julian’s car for the boys to force him off the road. The three conspirators manufactured a second plan to kill Julian. They also decided they would kill Julian’s son, C.J., when he returned home to attend his fathers funeral. Their reward for this plan would be Teresa’s inheriting and then sharing the two life insurance policies of father and son. When Teresa learned that C.J. was planning on visiting his father and that he staying at the Lewis home on October 29-30, 2002, the plan changed so that father and son could be killed at the same time. The Murder In the early morning hours of October 30, 2002, Shallenberger and Fuller entered the Lewis mobile home through a rear door that Teresa had left unlocked for them. Both men were armed with the shotguns Teresa has purchased for them As they entered the master bedroom, they found Teresa asleep next to Julian. Shallenberger woke her up. After Teresa has moved to the kitchen, Shallenberger shot Julian multiple times. Teresa then returned to the bedroom. As Julian struggled for his life, she grabbed his pants and wallet and returned to the kitchen. While Shallenberger was killing Julian, Fuller went to C.J.’s bedroom and shot him several times. He then joined the other two in the kitchen as they were emptying Julian’s wallet. Concerned that C.J. might still be alive, Fuller took Shallenberger’s shotgun and shot C.J. two more times.   Shallenberger and Fuller then left the home, after picking up some of the shotgun shells and splitting up the $300 found in Julians wallet. For the next 45 minutes, Teresa stayed inside the home and called her ex-mother-in-law, Marie Bean, and her best friend, Debbie Yeatts, but did not call the authorities for help. Call to 9.1.1. Around 3:55 A.M., Lewis called 9.1.1. and reported that a man had broken into her home at approximately 3:15 or 3:30 A.M. He had shot and killed her husband and stepson. She went on to say that the intruder had entered the bedroom where she and her husband were sleeping. He told her to get up. She then followed her husbands instructions to go to the bathroom. Locking herself in the bathroom, she heard four or five shotgun blasts. Sheriff’s deputies arrived at the Lewis home at approximately 4:18 A.M.   Lewis told the deputies that her husband’s body was on the floor in the master bedroom and that her stepson’s body was in the other bedroom. When the officers entered the master bedroom, however, they found Julian severely wounded, but still alive and talking. He was moaning and uttering, â€Å"Baby, baby, baby, baby.†Ã‚   Julian told the officers his wife knew who had shot him. He  died not long afterwards. When informed that Julian and C.J. were dead, Teresa did not appear to the officers to be upset. â€Å"I Miss You When You’re Gone† Investigators interviewed Teresa. In one interview she claimed Julian had physically assaulted her a few days before the murders. Even so, she denied killing him or having any knowledge about who might have killed him. Teresa also told the investigators that she and Julian had talked and prayed together that night. When Julian had gone to bed, she went to the kitchen to pack his lunch for the next day. Investigators found a lunch bag in the refrigerator with an attached note that read, â€Å"I love you. I hope you have a good day.†   She had also drawn a picture of a smiley face on the bag and had written inside it, â€Å"I miss you when you’re gone.† Money Was No Object Teresa called Julians daughter Kathy on the night of the murders and told her that she had already made the necessary arrangements with the funeral home, but that she needed the names of some of Julian’s family members. She told Kathy that it wasnt necessary for her to come to the funeral home the following day. When on the next day Kathy showed up at the funeral home anyway, Teresa told her that she was the sole beneficiary of everything and that money was no longer an object. Cashing In Later that same morning, Teresa called Julian’s supervisor, Mike Campbell, and told him that Julian had been murdered. She asked if she could pick up Julian’s paycheck. He told her the check would be ready by 4 P.M., but Teresa never showed up.    She also informed in  that she was the secondary beneficiary of C.J.’s military life insurance policy. Booker told her she would be contacted within 24 hours as to when she would receive C.J.’s death benefit. money. A Braggart’s Demise On the day of the funerals, Teresa called Julians daughter Kathy prior to the services. She told Kathy she had had her hair and nails done, and she had bought a beautiful suit to wear to the funeral. During the conversation she also asked if Kathy was interested in buying Julians mobile home. Investigators learned that Teresa had tried to withdraw $50,000 from one of Julians accounts. She had done a bad job of forging Julians signature on the check, and the bank employee refused to cash it. Detectives also learned Teresa was aware of how much money she would receive upon the deaths of her husband and stepson. Months before their deaths, she was overheard telling a friend the amounts of the cash payouts coming to her, should Julian and C.J. die.   ...Just as Long as I get the Money Five days after the murder, Teresa called Lt. Booker to request she been given C.J.’s personal effects. Lt. Booker told her that the personal effects would be given to C.J.’s sister Kathy Clifton, his immediate next of kin. This angered Teresa and she continued to press the issue with Booker. When Lt. Booker refused to budge, she again asked about the life insurance money, reminding him again that she was the secondary beneficiary. When Lt. Booker told her that she would still be entitled to the life insurance, Lewis responded, â€Å"That’s fine. Kathy can have all of his effects as long as I get the money.† Confession On November 7, 2002, investigators again met with Teresa Lewis and presented all the evidence that they had against her. She then confessed she had offered Shallenberger money to kill Julian. She falsely claimed that Shallenberger had both Julian and C.J. before Julian’s money and leaving the mobile home. She said that Shallenberger had expected to receive half of the insurance money, but that she had changed her mind and decided that she wanted to keep all of it for herself. She accompanied investigators to Shallenberger’s home, where she identified him as her co-conspirator. The following day, Teresa admitted that she had not been totally honest: she confessed to Fuller’s involvement in the murders and that her 16-year-old daughter had assisted with planning the murder. Teresa Lewis Pleads Guilty When a lawyer is handed a murder case as heinous as Lewis case was, the goal switches from trying to find the client innocent, to trying to avoid the death penalty. Under Virginia law, if a defendant pleads guilty to capital murder, the judge conducts the sentencing proceeding without a jury. If the defendant pleads not guilty, the trial court may determine the case only with the consent of the defendant and concurrence of the Commonwealth. Lewis appointed lawyers, David Furrow and Thomas Blaylock, had a lot of experience in capital murder cases and knew that the appointed trial judge had never imposed the death penalty on a capital defendant. They also knew that the judge would be sentencing Fuller to life imprisonment under a plea agreement he had made with the prosecution, were Lewis to testify against Shallenberger and Fuller. Also, they hoped that the judge would show leniency since Lewis had eventually cooperated with investigators and turned over the identities of Shallenberger, Fuller, and even her daughter, as accomplices. Based on this and the heinous facts that had surfaced in the murder-for-hire-profit crime, Lewis lawyers felt that her best chance to avoid the death penalty was to plead guilty and invoke her statutory right to be sentenced by the judge. Lewis agreed. Lewis IQ Prior to Lewis plea, she went through a competency assessment by Barbara G. Haskins, a board-certified forensic psychiatrist. She also took an IQ test. According to Dr. Haskins, the testing showed that Lewis had a Full Scale IQ of 72. This placed her in the borderline range of intellectual functioning (71-84), but not at or below the level of mental retardation. The psychiatrist reported that Lewis was competent to enter the pleas and that she was able to understand and appreciate the possible outcome. The judge questioned Lewis, making sure that she understood that she was waiving her right to a jury and that she would be sentenced by the judge to either life imprisonment or death. Satisfied that she understood, he scheduled the sentencing proceedings. Sentencing Based upon the vileness of the crimes, the judge sentenced Lewis to death. The judge said that his decision was made more difficult by the fact that Lewis cooperated with the investigation and that she had pleaded guilty, but as the wife and stepmother to the victims, she had engaged in the cold blooded, pitiless slaying of two men, horrible and inhumane for profit, which fits the definition of an outrageous or wantonly vile, horrible, act. He said that she had lured men and her juvenile daughter into her web of deceit and sex and greed and murder, and within an incredibly short period of time from meeting the men, she had recruited them, been involved in planning and completing these murders, and within one week before the actual murders she had already made a failed attempt on Julian’s life. Calling her the head of this serpent, he said he was convinced that Lewis waited until she thought Julian was dead before she called the police and that she allowed him to suffer...without any feelings at all, with absolute coldness. Execution Teresa Lewis was executed on September 23, 2010, at 9 P.M by lethal injection, at Greensville Correctional Center in Jarratt,  Virginia. Asked if she had last words, Lewis said, I just want Kathy to know I love her. And I am very sorry.   Kathy Clifton, the daughter of Julian Lewis and the sister of C.J. Lewis, attended the execution. Teresa Lewis was the first female to be executed in the state of Virginia since 1912, and the first female in the state to die by lethal injection The gunmen, Shallenberger and Fuller, were sentenced to life imprisonment. Shallenberger committed suicide in prison in 2006. Christie Lynn Bean, Lewis daughter, served five years in prison because she had knowledge of the murder plot, but failed to report it. Source: Teresa Wilson Lewis v. Barbara J. Wheeler, Warden, Fluvanna Correctional Center for Women

Essay Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Essay - Assignment Example The decision by the New Plymouth District Council to bring to an end the water fluoridation is seen as thetermination of the practice in New Zealand. According to Mary Byrne of the anti-fluoride group, the Fluoride Action Network New Zealand, the New Plymouth District Council decision could bring a domino effect to other councils leading to the chemicals rejection (Stare, 1990). Fluoride, an ionic compound, contains the fluorine components. Fluoride, naturally found component in most of the rocks in New Zealand and worldwide, is the single most reactive element in water. Approximately 90 percent of the fluoride components added to the municipal water supplies come from the chemicals known as silicofluorides. The silicofluorides chemicals production is from the by-products of the manufacture of phosphate fertilizers. In most of New Zealand’s District Councils, fluoride is added to the municipal water supplies at the concentration of about one part per million or even slightly below. Fluoride concentrations occurring in surface waters depend on location, but concentrations are low, and in most cases do not exceed 0.3 ppm. Groundwater can however contain much higher concentration levels. Fluoride should not be included to the water supplied by district councils to the residents of cities and towns in New Zealand. A move by New Plymouth District Council is welcome and should act as a precedent to other district councils in New Zealand. Proponents of fluoridation argue that the fluoride helps by binding to tooth enamel. Enamel is primarily composed of hydroxylapatite; a crystal made up of phosphorus, calcium, oxygen and hydrogen. By replacement of hydroxyl molecule on hydroxylapatite, the resistance of the tooth to acidity attacks from bacteria will increase because of the fluoride components (Wagner, 1993). The proponents have however been

Caring for Filipino Patients with Cancer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Caring for Filipino Patients with Cancer - Essay Example The problem with the American health care practices lies behind the fact that most of the American physicians are practicing paternalistic decision-making and patient autonomy (Schmit, 2005). In line with this, most of the American physicians are not aware that the practice of too much paternalistic decision-making and patient autonomy can lead to Filipino cancer patients’ dissatisfaction with regards to the health care services they receive from the U.S.-based hospitals. The problem with the use of pure American health care system is that the American physicians may sometimes tend to forget about knowing how a Filipino cancer patient would prefer to discuss their treatment and care (Harle et al., 2007; Schmit, 2005). For example: It is possible that most of the Filipino cancer patients would prefer to have at least one of their family members to be present while discussing the patient’s health diagnosis including the recommended treatment or medication that can enable the cancer patient to alleviate pain. Since American physicians are trained to practice patient autonomy and confidentiality, most of Filipino cancer patients are not able to be with their family members at the time the physician would discuss about their diagnosis. By nature, Filipinos are not confrontational. For this reason, nurses should assure the patients that it is good to ask them questions whenever they have doubts about the care and treatment they are receiving from the hospital and health care professionals (Schmit, 2005). For example: In case a cancer patient is given a new medication, nurses should make the patient know that they have the right to know about the name of drug and purpose of the medication given to them by the nurses. In line with this, cancer patients or patients in general will always have the right to refuse to take the medication. Despite the cultural differences between the American nurses and Filipino cancer patients, nurses should always build a

Geography final project ( analysis of articles and question summary.) Research Paper

Geography final project ( analysis of articles and question summary.) - Research Paper Example The counter-contention is that if open arrangement can quicken development in medium-measure development focuses, and if critical parcels of the extra profits head off to expanded amounts of transients from slacking hinterland ranges, at that point this system is effective from a national perspective (Skop and Li). Decentralization of centermost government managerial exercises and open ventures from the biggest urban communities Movement to urban communities additionally evacuates repetitive work from horticulture; in spite of the fact that gainfulness may be flat and falling in the over-burden tertiary division of numerous urban areas, it is still higher than gainfulness in agribusiness. Furthermore living arrangement in the city lays open the vagrant to modernizing impacts and enhances his shots to get aptitudes, however unassuming. Due to the self-improving nature of squatter settlements the United Nations Center for Housing, Assembling, and Planning now focuses on the acknowledge ment and underpin of their longer run being and of sufficient preplanning for their fate advancement. Then again, it is affirmed that endeavors to clear such settlements ordinarily squander panic open assets and irritate the issues of the individuals concerned. Meeting of Japanese prefectural for every capita salaries began to show up around 1961 and proceeded in parallel with the most elevated rate of monetary development. This wonder seems to have been brought about by joining in pay rates around distinctive parts of the economy, which in turn came about because of tightening of work markets. Asians immigrants in New York State In spite of the fact that Asians remain a generally minor part of the aggregate populace, right now less than 5 percent-they are around the quickest developing racial/ethnic minorities in the United States today. In connection, the aggregate U.S. populace developed by 13 percent throughout the 1990s, from 248.7 million to 281.4 million. Fast and sizable pop ulace development is attributable basically to the way that Asians now explain just about one-third of all movement to the United States. In the most recent some decades, the mix of modifying worldwide economies, geopolitical settings, and movement approaches has set in movement new and noteworthy streams of relocation from Asia to the United States (Bergman). Workers from India and China, particularly, are decently ready for, and fit into, the occupation needs of the globalizing U.S. economy. Transients from the aforementioned two nations are actively selected by both the U.S. government and U.S. multinational partnerships for their specialized know-how, entrepreneurial abilities, and business associations with quickly developing abroad showcases. Information from the Citizenship and Immigration Service (once in the past the Immigration and Naturalization Service) demonstrate that India and China are the heading supporters of both work based outsiders (al-for the most part 39 perce nt of the U.S. add up to in 2002) and H-1b makeshift laborers (with a heightened of practically 60 percent in 2001) (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service 2003). Therefore, numerous Asian Indian and Chinese migrants land in the U.S. with the abnormal amounts of training, expert preparing, or money related assets

The Practice Of Ethical Behavior By Managers Marketing Essay

The Practice Of Ethical Behavior By Managers Marketing Essay Nowadays the practice of ethical behavior by managers and the high position jobs are dramatically decreasing due to the irresponsibilitys of these people towards the society. But there are some other companies that maintain to act as ethical behavior and choose to keep their role in society. The unethical behavior of companies are arising from the east till the west and these acts can be prevented by business leaders such as drive ethical behavior into the cultures of their organizations and create an environment in which every individual takes personal responsibility for doing the right thing in the right way (Ryan, 2009). The ethical behavior should be implemented from the higher level of organization such as CEOs and board of directors in order to be modeling for the lower level of position jobs. The company which did a lot of unethical behavior in the recent years towards its customers is Toyota Motors Co. that there were problems in accelerators stick and brake problems. On the other hand, a company like BMW Motors Co. does a lot of ethical behavior which was selected in 2009 as one of the most ethical companies among 99 firms that was ranked by Ethisphere Institute (Edmunds Inc, 2009). The company considers the safety issues in a lot of terms such as the brake system and airbag system which have derived the company to be among the most ethical behaving firms. Also it behaves in an ethical behavior toward its employees. The BMW Company has chosen four styles for its leadership such as visionary, empathetic, humble servitude and moral/ethical issues (Karlgaard, 2010). II. History of Toyota: Toyota Motor Company was invented by Sakichi Toyoda on 28th August 1937 after seven years of funding on a research and development of automobile (European University Institute, 2010). In 1947 after the Second World War the company started to export the first vehicles to Okinawa and Egypt (European University Institute, 2010). But the company started to sell the vehicles internationally by 1957 with establishing its headquarter in Hollywood (Allpar LLC, n.d.). The most influenced president who changed the position of Toyota in the world were Eiji Toyoda from 1967-1982, Shoichiro Toyoda from 1982-1992 and Akio Toyoda who took control over the company in 2009 (Allpar LLC, n.d.). III. History of BMW: The formation of BMW Company starts from 1913 when Karl Rapp formed Rapp-Motorenwerke Company and in 1922 merged with Bayerische Flugzeugwerke the producer of aircraft engines. After the emerge of these two companies formed BMW(Bayerische Motoren Werke). In the early years the company was producing only the aircraft engine and some motorcycle engines. The production of cars by BMW Company started to begin in 1928 when the company bought a car factory in Eisenach. Since that time the company became one of the best companies and ethical behaving in the world and the current president of the company is Norbert Reithofer. Part 2 Body paragraphs-Toyota I. Paragraph 1: One of the unethical issues that the Toyota Company did towards its customers was that the company did not aware its customers about the accelerators stick. According to Ewing (2010) the Toyota Company has stated that it never knew about the electronic defect that was causing the unintended acceleration. But Toyota recently mentioned that there were just only the mats and accelerator sticks problem which in the recent month have been claimed by the customers. However this problem is backed to 2002 when an official bulletin from Toyota was issued to dealers that mentioning there were some electronic malfunctions in 2002 Camry models (AOL Inc, 2010). The service was stating that the problem may exhibit a surging during light throttle input at speeds between 38-42 mph (Ewing, 2010). The problem was only for the 1 MZ-FE engine models which specifically was used for the Camry models (AOL Inc, 2010). In the beginning of 2010 the report was brought to light by two of the Congressman in the US, Bart Stupak, D-Mich and then was followed by the U.S. House Energy Subcommittee in late February 2010 which was first reported by Automotive News (AOL Inc, 2010). And then the actual document was reported on 22 March 2010 by the CNN on its website and through the aired channel program (AOL Inc, 2010). In addition, the Toyota Company has stated that the link between the surging Toyotas and its electronic systems is unfounded (AOL Inc, 2010). Also it was mentioned that the issue was only related to the mats floor and accelerator pedals sticky problems which is solely are related to the mechanical problem and there is nothing related to the electronic one (AOL Inc, 2010). After all of these justifications from Toyota officials, one of the Congressman Bart Stupak said that it does not believe the companys statement (AOL Inc, 2010). Later Stupak stated there is an electronic problem rather than a mechanical problem which the Toyota Company did not address it (AOL Inc, 2010). In fact, there is a gremlin in this electronic system which is making these cars accelerate unexpectedly, and unfortunately, it has resulted in some serious accidents and deaths (AOL Inc, 2010). But in one of the Toyotas recall websites company said that the internal investigation is going on and Toyota is confident that there is no defects exist in ECU (AOL Inc, 2010). In fact, the complaints began in early decade when Toyota moved a lot of its primary throttle components to electronic controls (AOL Inc, 2010). These changes in technology were considered to be a high improvement for the 2002 Camry Models in which used the an accelerator pedal sensor, a throttle control motor, a throttle position sensor and the engine control module (AOL Inc, 2010). These upgrading were done in order to improve the reliability, efficiency and safety of these cars throttle components to electronic (AOL Inc, 2010). According to 7days newspaper (2010) the Toyota saved more than $100 million by pursuing the US regulators in order to agree a cheap installation of involuntary acceleration problem increased the criticism over the companys president Akio Toyoda following the meeting on 24 February 2010 to the United States Congress (7days, 2010). In February the US regulators bought the Lexus ES 350 from a Tennessee woman and said it will test the vehicle after the owner of the vehicle said that she lost the control of the car when it accelerated automatically and the car toped speed by 100 miles per hour and then after travelling of six miles the car slowed down which was happened in 2006 (Rhonda Smith 2010 cited in 7days 2010). In 2006, after the issue the owner took the car to the local dealer but could not find any problem (Rhonda Smith 2010 cited in 7days 2010). However in 2007 the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration found that the problem was related to the floor mates that was jamming the accelerators pedal (7days, 2010). After all of these unethical behaviors of the company towards its customer the US authorities have announced recently that it is going to fine a hefty amount which is more than $16 million after it failed to report the defects problem within four months. This announcement came after 70,000 pages of evidence being uncovered by Department of Transportation (7days, 2010). Ray LaHood the US Transport Secretary said we now have proof that Toyota failed to live up to its legal obligations (7days, 2010). The Toyota Company could avoid this fine by investigating the issue at the beginning and fix those faulty at that time. II. Paragraph 2: The second unethical behavior that the company did towards its consumers in the current year is that it did not inform the consumers about the brake problems of Toyota Prius 2010 models. Due to this problem the US Transportation Department has started investigation when there was an announcement from the Toyota that had brake problem with the Prius Models and fixed that in January by changing the softwares brake system (BBC News, 2010). The investigation is looking into the problem that the brake is losing its capability while traveling on a disrupted road surface and on speed breakers (BBC News, 2010). Recently, there were 124 complaints about this issue which leaded to four crashes in the United State but there was no any issues reported in the United Kingdom (BBC News, 2010). Till now there is no any recall for the Prius Models, but the company is planning to recall those vehicles which were made and sold in South Africa (Toyota Companys spokesman 2010 cited in BBC News 2010). How ever there are being seen by the company that there are some clashes between the anti-lock brake system (ABS) and regenerative braking which it needs more investigation to be done in order to decide whether to recall those cars or not (Toyotas managing officer, Hiroyuki Yokoyama 2010 cited in BBC News 2010). Currently the Companys admission is looking into 200 reports about braking problem from customers in the United State and Japan but there was no any problem in Europe. In addition, the Japanese Government is pressuring on the Toyota Company in order to investigate the problem (BBC News, 2010). In the Northern Ireland there was a case that a customer bought the car in July last year, after two weeks the customer noticed that the brake is performing inconsistently. The problem was happening when pressing the brake pedal before reaching at a traffic light or a junction the brake releases for seconds. Then the car stops after rolling six to eight feet before it reapplies. But Toyota UK have stated that after the customers reports an investigation went under way and they did not find any fault in brakes. It was blamed on the drivers and stated that it is the way that the brake system works in Prius Models. So far the company has recalled more than 8.5 million vehicles in recent months due to the unintended acceleration and brake problem which was affecting the glitch in Prius Models and other models including a recall of 3120 Sequoia and Avalon cars by Al Futtaim in the UAE (7days, 2010). The regulators in the United State said that there are five deaths and 29 fatality accidents are reported due to unintended acceleration (7days, 2010). A recent internal document which is related to 2009 that was discovered by the authorities that there was a saving of more than $100 million by Toyotas Washington DC staff and satisfied the regulators in order to end up with an investigation which was about the unintended acceleration complaints and cheap floor mat recall (7day s, 2010). There is a big debate now whether the company ignored or missed the complaints about the unintended acceleration and whether the US safety regulators were serious enough about the problem (7days, 2010). But in the document were clearly seen that there was a slow response from Toyota to the problem, said the US Department of Transportation (7days, 2010). The launch of a publicity campaign in the last month by Toyota Company was to satisfy the customers that the company is addressing the problems (7days, 2010). In January there was a dramatic decrease of 16 percent in the US sales and estimated there will be a total cost of $2 billion due to the recent recall (7days, 2010). It appears that the Toyota problem varies in many models. In February it came into view that there are steering problems in the Toyota Corolla, which is known as the most popular car in the world, was the latest issue about the problem (7days, 2010). The investigation began in the United State after 129 c omplaints were made by drivers about the steering problems (7days, 2010). III. Effect of unethical behaviour: The effect of unethical behavior of Toyotas Company was a hefty amount and damaged its reputation in the market. There were a lot of automakers that were badly hit by the economic downturn but with the recall of millions of Toyotas due to safety issues, those companies have regained from this situation (7days, 2010). General Motors is leading the opportunity by offering money to Toyota owners in order to by the GM models, while the GM was toppled in two years ago by Toyota as the worlds biggest automaker, and the company went through a bankruptcy and the US government helped the company to be reinvented (7days, 2010). It is a real problem for Toyota Company as the numbers of recalls are huge and is going to lose its biggest market share in the US and Europe (Frank Schwope 2010 cited in 7days 2010). Also there are other automakers that are gaining from this opportunity such as Honda, Nissan and Ford Company (7days, 2010). Last month, after the beginning of trouble, the GM was offering a tempting discount of $1000 to the owners of Toyota with the exchange of a GM model (7days, 2010). In fact, the Toyota Company should do respond to these faults if the company wants to reduce the impact of lose and regain back some of the share market (7days, 2010). According to a recent research, the Toyota sales fell by 16 percent while the GM and Ford Company have increased by 14 and 25 percent respectively (7days, 2010). In fact, there were some roots that caused of unethical behavior such as character, information, expectation and judgment of the Toyotas managers and CEOs because these people were the most responsible people in the company that ignored the safety of the customers. In reality, the cost of unethical failures by Toyota is estimated to be a lot that some of them are considered to be the loss of business, fines and penalties, loss of company reputation, loss of employee morale, recruiting difficulties and employee turnover. Part 3 Body Paragraphs-BMW I. Paragraph 1: On the other hand, BMW Motor Company has done many ethical behaviors toward their customers by improving the safety issues such as installing and developing the Anti-lock Brake System (ABS). The brake system that the company is using is one of the greatest and most advanced when compared to the other cars model. The ABS is an advanced technology with a sensor that helps the driver to prevent the locking of the brake in cases that the driver uses the brake instantly with the full power in a sudden case (BMW Group, n.d.). The system also helps to maintain and balance the speed of rotation of wheels in a rainy, icy or on uneven road surfaces when the driver uses the brake in an instant case and helps the driver to easily turn the steering and avoid the accident (BMW Group, n.d.). Also in cases that when one side of the vehicle is on the icy or rainy road and the other side is on the pavement, it prevents the vehicle from rotating by balancing on the reduction of the rotation of the whee ls (BMW Group, n.d.). Moreover, the system allows the highest pressure while the wheels are rotating in a controlled way (BMW Group, n.d.). The system minimizes the pressure of the brake in order the wheel to rotate in a controlled way and steer the vehicle, when there is a feel that the wheel is going to be locked or already is locked (BMW Group, n.d.). The second safety issue which BMW Company considers about is the airbag system. Statistics show that the airbag reduces the number of deaths by 30 percent when there is a direct front collision. In cases when an airbag is not activated in case of fatal accident the company pays one million dirham compensation and damages to the owner of the car because of this faulty. A new generation of child seat and occupant detect system (SBE2) has been developed by the BMW Company (Lu et al 2001). The system detects according to pressure profile measured by a force sensitive sensor array and the change of electrical field recorded in capacitanc e (Lu et al 2001). This system is purely based on two subsystems, FDS which is based on the capacitive principle and OC is based on the pressure subsystem (Lu et al 2001). II. Reason Benefits of BMW success: There are some reasons that the BMW Motor Company became the leader of luxury vehicle seller. The company adapted four types of leadership visionary, empathetic, humble servitude and moral/ethical issues (Karlgaard, 2010). The visionary leadership style in BMW is that the company changed and retooled its brands from the normal and economic car to luxury one (Karlgaard, 2010). It developed its vision till that the company became the biggest seller of luxury cars and overtaking the Mercedes-Benz which once owned the position (Karlgaard, 2010). The second leadership style that the company follows is empathy (Karlgaard, 2010). The company is full of empathetic leaders that the company is successful in its field of business because there are inspiration and engagement between the employees and leaders of the business which resulted to have the best vehicles and on the other side to have the most satisfied customers (Karlgaard, 2010). The other leadership style that the company follows is the humble servitude in which states that at first the businesses should listen to customers and then establish a form of service for the company (Karlgaard, 2010). The last leadership style that the company follows is moral/ethical issues in which the company states that every employee should follow a set of golden rule when dealing with any customer of the company which can be known as the most powerful tools towards the human frailty (Karlgaard, 2010). These types of leadership style can avoid any unethical behavior in businesses and if the Toyota Company was considering these types of leadership style in its business it could avoid the deaths of a lot of its customers and maintained the good reputation of the business worldwide. Also the company used the core of managerial mystique which contains subsystems such as decision-making prowess, functional rationality and substantive rationality. After 1980s, the BMW Company has developed more safety technologies as it compared to oth er automaker which have leaded to the saving the lives of a lot of drivers and passengers of these cars. BMW Company has gained a lot of advantages as a result of following ethical conduct. The advantages are varied; such as competitive advantage, customer loyalty, enhanced reputation, positive work environment, employer of choice and employee retention as it is compared to its rival companies in the world. Part 3 Conclusion In conclusion, the Toyota Company should do more in order to improve the ethical behavior within the business and toward its customer. These acts that the Toyota Company did in order to save the cost and make more profit but these profits are for the short-run and after that there will be a hefty amount of loss as the company is facing currently. In addition, it will damage the reputation of the business in the market. The Toyota Company should look at the BMW Company how it follows the ethical behavior within its business and towards its customers. By following ethical behavior the companies can avoid cases that now Toyota Company is facing. If all companies around the world think about the safety and quality of their product, then there would be less number of deaths due to defect of their products. In addition, the companies should follow ethical behavior in order to avoid the legal action towards their company and increase the productivity by applying the ethical dilemma within t he business. Part 4 Bibliography List 7days., 2010. Could five deaths have been avoided? Claims that Toyota saved $100 million with a cheap fix to be investigated. 23 Feb. p.17. 7days., 2010. Toyota boss to face music: Toyoda heads to the US to stand before Congress. 21 Feb. p.16. 7days., 2010. Toyota is set for record fine. 07 April. p.14. 7days., 2010. Toyotas recall has left rival car firms smiling. 08 Feb. p.19. 7days., 2010. US to test Lexus ES 350 after driver testifies she lost control of car. 28 Feb. p.14. Allpar, LLC. Toyota history: corporate and automotive. [Online]. Available at: http://www.toyoland.com/history.html [accessed 5 April 2010] AOL Inc. 2010. Toyota identified and fixed electronic throttle surging problems in 2002. [Online]. (Updated 23 March 2010) Available at: http://autos.aol.com/article/toyota-throttle-warning-2002/ [accessed 04 April 2010] BBC Online., 2010. US to probe Toyota Prius brake problems. [internet]. 4 February. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8497471.stm [accessed 05 April 2010] BMW Group. Anti-lock Brake System (ABS). [Online]. Available at: http://www.bmw.com/com/en/insights/technology/technology_guide/articles/anti_lock_brake_system.html [accessed 07 April 2010] Edmunds Inc. 2009. BMW, Toyota Named Among Most Ethical Companies. [Online]. (2010) Available at: http://www.autoobserver.com/2009/04/bmw-toyota-named-among-most-ethical-companies.html [accessed 3 April 2010] European University Institute, 2010. The History of Toyota: A short overview. [Online]. (2010). Available at: http://www.eui.eu/Personal/Researchers/ae86_project1/history.htm [accessed 5 April 2010] Ewing, S, J. 2010. Toyota reportedly knew about unintended acceleration issues caused by electronics in 2002. [Online]. (Updated 23 March 2010) Available at: http://www.autoblog.com/2010/03/23/report-toyota-knew-about-unintended-acceleration-issues-in-2002/3 [accessed 04 April 2010] Gee, T, S., 2010. A Brief History of BMW Motor Cars. [Online]. (2010) Available at: http://ezinearticles.com/?A-Brief-History-of-BMW-Motor-Carsid=1419687 [accessed 5 April 2010] Karlgaard, R., 2010. Four Styles of Leadership. (SIGN publication 20) [internet]. New York : SIGN (Published 2010) Available at: http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2009/1102/opinions-rich-karlgaard-digital-rules.html [accessed 3 April 2010] Lu, Y. Marschner, C. Eisenmann, L. Sauer, S., 2001. The new generation of the BMW child seat and occupant detection system SBE2. BMW Groups [Online] 3 (2), p. 1,4. Available at: http://society.kisti.re.kr/~Eksae/_notes/data/pdf/v3n2_2.pdf [accessed 07 April 2010] Ryan, G., 2009. It is important to drive ethical behaviour. [Online] 3 July., Available at: http://milwaukee.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/stories/2009/07/06/editorial3.html [accessed 3 April 2010]

Cognitive Traditions and Communities in Technological Change :: Technology Essays

Cognitive Traditions and Communities in Technological Change ABSTRACT: Many efforts have been made to discover some paradigm-like changes in mathematics, the social sciences, arts, history, etc. Gary Gutting forcefully criticizes the tendency of over-constraining the original conception that mostly led to insignificant analogies. But some applications may fall between correct isomorphic utilization and insignificant analogizing. The paradigm conception of technological change emerged in the early 1980's. This paper shows how fruitful the analogy has been for developing the idea of technological 'paradigms.' But a technological paradigm shows decisive differences which concern the values (which are not only cognitive ones) of technologies, the hierarchical systemic communities, the partly different nature of crises (through 'presumptive anomalies,' by Constant), and the necessarily integrated nature of technological knowledge leading to successful artifacts linked to goal-oriented research. Technological-paradigms-thinking became an established part of evolutionary economics also. According to this, paradigms rival conceptions that show further changes in comparison to the original Kuhnian approach. I conclude by discussing the nature of scientific change from the viewpoint of technological paradigms. Following Kuhn's seminal work paradigms were claimed to be discovered in many scientific fields including sociology, economics, psychology, mathematics, even literature, arts and history. It is well known that Kuhn himself was astonished to see that, for him unexpected, escalation. Garry Gutting rightly emphasized 198O that most of the applications of the paradigm conception led to nowhere but to insignificant, relatively trivial analogies, to assertions that "supertheories" exist. (1) But some application may have overcome trivial analogies. The story of technological "paradigms" is one case for this. The trial to apply the paradigm conception to technological change came 1O-15 years later then the applications to other fields. (2) In an important case study for history of technology (published 198O), E. W. Constant II set up a general model for technological change. (3) In this model technological change is represented by knowledge change and put into an evolutionary epistemology perspective, overtaken from D. Campbell. Constant exploits philosophy of science, mainly Kuhn's paradigm conception. He finds a community structure in technological practice, traditions of practice, normal technology with its puzzle solving character and technological changes initiated by recognizing two types of failure. He claims that, from time to time, technological changes are technological revolutions. "We define a technological paradigm as an accepted mode of technical operation. . . . It is the conventional system as defined and accepted by a relevant community of technological practitioners.

Wgu Hat Task 3

Environmental and Global Health EEEeeCommunity Health Nursing EE Community Health Nursing Environmental and Global Health- ­? HAT Task #3 Lynn Senfelds Western Governor’s University Environmental and Global Health Task A- ­? 1 The Communicable Disease Outbreak of Avian Influenza 2 Communicable diseases account for approximately 1/4th of worldwide mortality, contributing to more than 15 million deaths each year (Kierny, Exclor, and Girard, 2004). There have been three pandemics of Avian Influenza in the last century- ­? 1918, 1957, and 1968. There have been worldwide outbreaks of Avian Influenza among poultry over the years. It is ot easily passed from birds to humans. The first outbreak of Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in humans was in Hong Kong in 1997. In March through May of 1997, a die off of poultry was reported, due to a highly virulent disease. Research revealed it was from Avian Influenza (H5N1). In May, a three- ­? year- ­? old boy died of â€Å"complicationsâ⠂¬  from H5N1. In early December, three more deaths occurred as a result of Avian Influenza infection, ages 60, 54 and 13. Five more cases involving varying ages were confirmed by mid December. A two and three year old were cousins to a five year old who became ill. There were 18 confirmed cases and deaths related to the H5N1 strain of influenza by the end of the year. The age range was one to sixty. The infection was acquired by humans directly from chickens. According to Butcher and Miles (2004), on December 28, 1997, the Hong Kong Department of Agriculture Fisheries ordered a slaughter of all chickens for a total of 1. 3 million chickens. Exports from Mainland China were halted temporarily. A2- ­? The Epidemiological Indicators Associated with Avian Influenza Since the China outbreak of avian influenza H5N1, the virus has become endemic in Asia, and has caused outbreaks in Europe and Africa. Despite detailed study, ittle is known about the epidemiology of the virus. The freque ncies of human infection Environmental and Global Health have not been determined, and we urgently need seroprevalence studies. The expanding geographic outbreaks in Russia, Mongolia and Kazakhstan indicate that more human populations are at risk (Avian Influenza, 2005). The fatality rate in China in 1997 was higher in people over age 13. The case fatality rate was 44%. There was a 57% mortality rate in the patients over age 13 and all of those had 3 severe clinical disease. Patients younger than age five had mild symptoms with one death from complications from ReyesSyndrome. Of the seven patients over age 18, six died (88% mortality). Seven of the 18 cases had direct or indirect contact with poultry (Butcher & Miles, 2004). There are vaccinations for H1N1 and H3N2. Human trails for H5N1 are in progress. Qualitative indicators include awareness of available immunizations, early treatment with antivirals and prevention. Prevention includes chemical agents and physical environments su ch as soaps, alcohol and chlorination. Influenza A virus is readily inactivated by a variety of agents. Secondary prevention is available for those who have been exposed. The World Health Organization has a reserve mount of oseltamivir for a possible pandemic, which is an effective antiviral to extinguish or delay the spread of the virus. There are safe, inactive immunogenic vaccinations that have been developed (Avian Influenza, 2005). Awareness and availability will impact the incidence of an outbreak. The China outbreak was not well understood; therefore, preventative measures were not yet in place. Many were exposed and infected but were not developing clinical disease, and only seven of the 18 cases had direct or indirect contact with poultry. Universal precautions and practicing good hygiene is the best way to prevent the spread of nfluenza. Hand Environmental and Global Health washing for 15- ­? 20 seconds, covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing and avoiding touching the mouth, eyes and nose will be effective in 4 controlling the spread of the virus. Accessibility to health care, health care facilities, and education will affect future outbreaks. Access to services, the percent of people who receive coverage and quality of service as defined by those that follow standard guidelines will be the best definers of qualitative indicators. Services must be equally distributed and compliance should be monitored. A3- ­? Analyze the EpidemiologicalData The Hong Kong outbreak of avian influenza resulted in 18 human cases and eight deaths. This represents a 44% case fatality rate. According to the World Health Organization (April, 2011), there has been a widespread reemergence in 2003 and 2004 and the virus has spread from Asia to Europe and Africa. This has resulted in millions of poultry infections and several hundred human cases with a high case fatality rate. This is consistent with the Hong Kong outbreak. Ongoing H5N1 viral infections in po ultry continue to pose a threat to public health. They have the potential to change into a form that is more easily transmissible mong humans. Outbreaks of avian influenza raise global health concerns. This is related to the virus’s potential to cause serious illness in people and it’s pandemic capacity. The risk factors associated with the Hong Kong outbreak were those who had direct or indirect contact with infected live or dead poultry. A contaminated environment was also a consideration. Possible human- ­? to- ­? human transmission was indicated because a two and three year old were cousins to a five year old who became sick. 100% of the patient’s over age 13 had severe clinical disease with a Environmental and Global Health 57% mortality rate (Butcher &Miles, 2004). Many more people were exposed and 5 infected but did not develop clinical disease. The data indicates that those at risk for contracting the virus and sustaining disease were people with com orbidity and those with an already compromised immune system. A4- ­? Route of Transmission Avian influenza is a viral infectious disease of birds. Most of these do not infect humans. Influenza viruses are believed to cycle from birds to swine then swine to humans. The H5N1 strain of the virus has infected humans. Direct avian to human transmission is the major means of infection. The exact mode and sites of viral acquisition into he respiratory tract are not fully understood. Handling of infected live or dead poultry during the week before the onset of symptoms appears to be the greatest risk factor. Most patients acquire the virus from raising poultry inside of outside of their homes. Consuming raw or undercooked diseased poultry, handling or preparing diseased poultry and playing with sick poultry have all been indicated as potential risk factors (Avian influenza, 2005). Some possible transmission routes include contact with virus- ­? contaminated fomites or with fertilizer th at contains poultry feces. The respiratory tract is then self- ­? inoculated or nhalation of airborne excreta may occur. Human- ­? to- ­? human transmission remains unclear, however, respiratory secretions and all other bodily fluids should be considered potentially infectious. Environmental and Global Health A5- ­? Graphic Representation of Outbreak 6 H5N1 infects foreign exchange student while visiting a China family farm 100% infection of poultry , 18 human infections Students mother has traveled to Africa for a humanitarian visit after contact with daughter 100 cases in Africa Student flys home and has a two hour lay- ­? over in Chicago, then arrives home in Madison. 10 cases in Chicago, 5 cases in MadisonWithin 9- ­? 10 days of contact with student, there is a 61% fatality rate of those between ages 10- ­? 19. Student goes back to university classes. Within 7 days student develops a fever & difficulty breathing Environmental and Global Health A6- ­? How the Outb reak Could Affect my Community The H5N1 virus does not currently spread from human to human efficiently. The fact that all influenza viruses have the ability to change leads health care 7 professionals to be prepared for a potential pandemic. There is little to no immunity against the virus because humans are not usually infected. If there were an outbreak in my community, steltamivir for people one year and older and zanamivir for people five years and older are two antiviral medications that may be effective treatment options. According to the CDC (2012), prophylaxis with these medications should be started within 2 days of known contact/exposure to a suspect case for a period of seven days. The community would need to assess high- ­? risk groups. High- ­? risk exposure groups are household members or close family members. Health care personnel who have contact within six feet of an infected patient are at moderate risk. The use of approved personal protective equipment will d ecrease risk of nfection. There are many people in the population at risk for complications that would need to be screened; diabetics, asthmatics, people with heart conditions, adults ages 65 and older, pregnant women and children under age two to name a few. Current knowledge in global health initiatives in order to protect our communities from communicable diseases is necessary. 60% of 600 human cases from 15 countries have died from H5N1 infection (CDC, 2012). This high mortality rate indicates a need for health care professionals to stay alert to early signs of potential infection such as fever and difficulty breathing. Screening questions uch as recent travel is a key factor in early detection. Protecting the vulnerable Environmental and Global Health populations, education and early diagnosis and treatment are also key factors to prevent the spread of avian influenza in any community. B- ­? Community Health Nurse/SARS The community health nurse has a responsibility to be awa re of communicable disease trends regarding incidence, prevalence and mortality in their areas due to 8 the potential for spread of disease worldwide. Health care providers are required to report cases of SARS to the state or local health department. Some communities have infection control